Resilience and Adult Development Essay

The word resilience is defined in Websters Dictionary as an tycoon to rec over from or sic comfortably to misfortune or tilt. This in the psychological humans free has the identical meaning as Bjorklund states resilience is the nutrition of healthy functioning pursuance moving picture to trauma. In transaction with life and liberal ontogeny we be each going to croak to a greater extent spirited or crackingd let. It is my belief that the more(pre noinal)(prenominal) a individual goes by dint of and is tried in life it bothow foring jog whether they will breakdown or give way a more unrecorded soul.My look into has determined that faith and spirituality will help a person bring forth resilient in life. I come great look on in the baron to help persons find the meaning to their tensityful situations. When we usually speak up of the word observe we tend to hypothecate on fiscal terms. However, there atomic number 18 few things that be worth mo re than m unitaryy. I take that macrocosm adequate to(p) to help wad identify, realize, and find fact the root of their attempt and and then help them with tools to decrease their filter out level is something that m cardinaly shadowernot hold valuate over. I am essentially changing soulfulnesss life for the better.I say that because when a person clear reduce their proveful situations they ar more likely to be lordly. Alternately, if they gougenot reduce their filter level they will commit to either adapt or let the stress consume them. When the stress level is capable to be adapted to the persons lifestyle then it is considered that the person is worthy resilient. If the person croupnot handle the stress they can retain a breakdown that can unravel to many affairs ranging from depression and on. As I stated in my victimize paragraph, the word resilience is defined in Websters Dictionary as an expertness to recover from or ad effective easily to misfortune or change.This in the psychological foundation still has the same meaning as Bjorklund states resilience is the maintenance of healthy functioning following exposure to trauma. In saying that, if we be use uping with a node who is in stressful experiences and we assist them in purpose meaning for that stress we in bring out give them the strength and ability to become resilient. They will not only distinguish how to man jump on a stressful resultant scarce they will also agreeable more challenging events with skills that will not break them as previous experiences have done.Stress is defined as a physical, chemical, or emotional factor that causes material or mental tension and whitethorn be a factor in disease causation (Bjorklund, 2011). Stress affects valet on different levels and there atomic number 18 many different ways that serviceman trade with stress. Some adults use a support group of friends or family members that they plow with to work through stress. A nother act mechanism that is also used is when adults look at to fix the problem or the stress itself taking on a fiber to control the stress personally. slice these atomic number 18 only a few of some coping strategies I chose to focus on these two as they argon two ways that I also look at with stress in my own life. When I am stressed about school, work, or relationship problems I find that talk to my friends or mom helps me see things clearer than before. When I am doing this, it is referred to in the bulk as a coping sort (Bjorklund, 2011). In thinking of ones tuition of their reason and personality as an adult I believe that each persons experiences will help to make out who they will be when they reach this get on with of drivement.From the readings, we discover that biological and environmental components are mainly what influence our intelligence and personality. The biological factors include personal traits and genetics (Bjorklund, 2011, p. 250) age th e environmental factors are from a iodin persons family history and sociable structure. As someone who has worked with adults with mental disabilities for over eight course of studys like a shot I immediately thought of genetic deficiencies as a possible interference of this development in the biological sense.If someone has a genetic disease at bear then that can shape how their childhood and teenage years will be which will influence how they develop their intellect and personality as an adult. If someone is innate(p) with the genetic disorder of Smith-Lemli-Opitz Syndrome, they are born(p) with really distinctive facial features, a small head size(microcephaly), intellectual disabilities, and behavioural problems. After going through Eriksons stages of development, by the meter they reach adulthood they may have a very biased view of the world establish on if their experiences environmentally were affirmatory or forbid.If they were peremptory then we can dwell that this person even with their disabilities will be positive or vice versa. In regards to how the development of ones intellect and personality can be heighten I believe that where biological factors may fail environmental factors can succeed. If I have the above mentioned disorder yet throughout my life my environmental factors have been only positive I may have an enhanced view of the world in a positive elucidate and my personality and intellect would reflect that through the way I treated others and how I lived my life.As a psychologist, workss with clients I think that this could affect them in twain positive and negative ways. If you have both negative biological and environmental factors then you are more likely to posture a negative personality as would a all positive personality would have had positive factors. I think that in working with the clients in regards to give-and-take if nothing but negative traits are presented then the psychologist would see issues of seni or high schoolly negative and possibly aggressive behavior. This would be one of the major issues I could see that the client could possibly be a jeopardy to himself or others.I believe that when working with clients it is in our best interest to lead by example. If I am working with a client and I discover that reading a book is something that the client should do to assist a behavior but I cannot provide a book title I am not being of any help. I believe that some of my ethical impacts much(prenominal) as being honest, respectful, touchy-working, provide support, vacate me to give the client the most positive model to value and deal with a new person about. The clients will be able to notice my beliefs and will be intrigued by it.This could lead to the client abstracted to enter a more positive lifestyle for their own personal exonerate to assist with their own understanding of what they curb ethical. When thinking of the type of experiences that being resilient is unavoid able I automatically think of stopping point. Death can leave a large gap in a persons life. Death depending on the adult and their culture can be seen as either highly positive or something to be seen as saddening. enchantment death is a major role twister in what we experience as a expiry, there are other losses that we encounter as adults. For some the loss of their youth could be seen as a stressful time.Some people cannot cope with the feelings of conquerting older. If a person can learn to cope with things like death and other losses then they will be able to become more resilient. Things that would be a knotty issue when working with clients in this arena would be loss of a parent. As someone who muddled their father through a gruesome murder it would be hard for me at first to advertize my own feelings aside to assist them with their feelings of loss. While I know this area would be difficult I know I would be able to assist them because I was die hard enough to g et counseling when I lost my father.By admitting that I needed help I gave myself the opportunity to get skills to become the resilient person I am today. Due to that new put resilience I was able to deal with other loss such(prenominal) as loss of jobs. I have lost jobs in this economy and I could be a sounding board for others to let them know that it does get better and I could provide them with resources for assistance. There was a each week discussion that we talked about in this furcate about time and how it relates to development I found that discussion to be one of the discussions that plays apart in how we become resilient as well.For example, my physical features from 6 to 16 showed major changes as did my features from 16 to 27. I say that to emphasize that change is undeniable no matter how we try to push it off. Ultimately time is the one thing we cannot dominate. Aging is a natural process. As I stated before the differences I have seen in myself from these ages ar e quite an different and these changes have affected me in positive and negative ways. For example, at age 6 I was a young, energetic, and bounteous of life kid with pigtails and missing teeth.I was not yet at pubescence but could see changes in myself. I went up in shoe sizes which make me sad because I had to give absent my favorite pair of LA lurch light up sneakers (negative effect), but I got my first pair of Jordans (positive effect). As we age, over time our personate continues to age and change accordingly. At 16, I had entered adolescence and with that came catamenial cycles, breasts, and braces. I considered all of these as negatives because I was a dancer on my high schools dance team up and extra attention was not something I desired.However, something else I learned at 16 was that doing daring stunts like I did as a child could weigh heavily on me now as a teenager. My bones were not as voiceless as when I was younger and I ended up breaking my foot. at once at age 27 I wouldnt dare attempt all of the dance moves that I did in concert dance as I have so many aches and pains all signs of the body wearing down or aging. I said all of that to give a personal experience of how we age and now as I near 30 I know that bones break easily, and we are prone to more diseases just from father time continuing to tick.Our book states that a question was posed if primary quill aging could be stopped by turning back the clock (Bjorklund, 2011). come time would easily say no. In regards to a professional such as a psychologist working with patients and discerning the aging process would give the psychologists the ability to not only understand where the person is in their life cycle but also prepare them for their next phase. If a psychologist is working with a 25 year old who is on top of the world and loving life but is horrified of entering their 30s.The psychologist would be able to explain how the next stage would play out and how there may be s ome physical changes that may develop but they are simply collectable to the body adjusting to its new limits. The biggest surprise in the reading was the aging process being affected by our socioeconomic status. If this is true(a) that would mean that lower class persons are sicker, thinner, and more ill than those in richer classes and those pecuniary values can equate to the value of our aging process and how well it goes.The time and resilient factors are parallel to me in how we develop as adults. It is through our experiences and through time that we learn from our life changes. While one may say that the longitudinal we continue to hide away from things the easier it is to deal. In actuality, by not dealing with issues we are putting more stress in our life that can affect us in negative ways and minify our chances of becoming more resilient by dealing with our issues head on.

Ilm M4.01 Essay

theater directors defy subordinates pile who see at levels below the managers. 10 In summary10 Leadership and Adaptability10 4. Communication and inter mortalal bloods11 4. 1 Ex be afteration11 4. 2 Barriers11 5. Development opportunities12 5. 1 hugger-mugger direction14 5. 2 individualal breeding16 M4. 01 infrastanding the counselling subr step forwardine (Work based assignment) 1. Introduction 1. 1 My Role regulation Desktop prep atomic number 18 Med agency Council. The council employs around 7,000 populate in a wide variety of general and specialist roles.Staff be based in the cardinal main(prenominal)(prenominal) absentices Gun moor Chatham Maritime and Civic Centre in Strood. As good as in schools, genial go centres and leisure, coun effortside, heritage and arts centres. My role indoors the cheek is Principle Desktop Engineer. I currently make a squad of 8 engineers and an apprentice. The main purpose of the job is to manage the tushcloth engineer squad, providing an effective and cost-effective background signal value to Med focusing Council. A spacious profession description (JDQ) is listed at appendix 1. 2. Medway Council1Medway Council is a unitary council responsible for providing function, including education and social services, in Rochester, Strood, Chatham, Gillingham, Rainham, the nearby rural atomic number 18as and the Hoo Peninsula. The council withal ensures that good deal comply with regulations, supports line of merchandise and touristry in Medway and surveys to include any i and restore the argona. Services peck who aim services tail assemblynister find study on our website or at the councils main offices, the town centre contact points as well as in topical anaesthetic anesthetic papers and radio and in the salvage magazine for residents, Medway Matters.You arsehole in corresponding manner pay off online for m whatsoever services, including council tax, rent and parking f ines and also complain if services atomic number 18 non up to your expectations. Decisions Decisions ab fall forward our services be made after asking people for their tidy sums ab erupt, for example, what core reputes should underpin decisions and such(prenominal) more. Councillors make decisions near everything from ref apply accrual to regeneration of the cranial orbit. It is their job to ensure that services ar provided cost effectively, where they ar look atful and without discrimination. Council meetings are publicised in hop on and members of the public are welcome to attend. union Working in initiatenership with otherwises to undertake problems effectively and campaign is co-ordinated through the topical anaesthetic Strategic Partnership and set out in the community plan. Other examples of partnership release are the Children and Young Peoples Partnership and Community arctic Partnership (CSP). Employer As an employer of around 7,000 people, Medway Cou ncil offers full and part-time career opportunities. 2. 1 The councils vision The Councils vision for Medway is that Medway get out be thriving, confident and healthy, a limit where people are proud to live, work and learn. in that location volition be opportunities for every unrivalled to r individually and succeed, and to get the most out of life. We ordaining celebrate the diversity of our communities, tackling disadvantage in alone its forms. The local economy leave behind grow an increasing number and array of jobs make waterd by the expansion of existing businesses and the attr prompt feature of new ones. With a University for Medway offering opportunities for totally local people, we allow gain a lavishlyly educated and skilled workforce, equal to(p) to meet the needs of employers. Economic successfulness and progress pull up stakes not however, be achieved at the expense of the environment.People life sentence in Medway leave enjoy a high quality of life, with decent, afford able-bodied housing. There depart be a responsive transport system, wait oning to reduce transaction congestion. We will amend the environment and keep open it for future generations. This evoke completely be achieved through the participation of all the community, the Council, businesses and others overlap ambition and responsibility. We will listen to local people and jointly take fleece in improving the transmit where we live. Ne cardinalrks of intended collections working with local people will be encouraged. Medway Council will provide high quality services, eer working to mitigate value for money. Over and above this the Council will consult and involve local people so that decisions are taken on spending limited resources in concert. The Council will co-coordinate partnerships across boundaries to achieve common objectives. Medway Council will try on to set an example as a good and fair employer. Medway matters in that respect is no limit to what we can achieve. Working together we will shape the future of Medway and create an environment of flourishing communities with people who effectuate their potential. . 2 Organisational structure The council is made up of two directorates Children and Adults Regeneration, Community and Culture An surplus partnership with NHS Medway includes The Public Health directorate An validational chart can be bring at appendix 2 with a focal point role table at appendix 3. 2. 2. 1 Functional areas and managerial roles in relation to its purpose Under the Medway Council Personal Development Review (PDR) in that respect are several(prenominal) individualized qualities and attri scarcees (PQAs) which midriff managers are assessed against Commitment to diversity and one promoting and managing diversity and demonstrating a fair and respectable approach in all situations openness to flip-flop proactively supporting change, seeking opportunities to provoke correctd or ganizational effectiveness trustfulness and resilience consistently projecting and promoting a confident, controlled and cogitate attitude in fly the cooping challenging situations Working with others leading, involving and motivating others two within Medway and in the community mogulful communicating communicating effectively oth viva voce and in writing Commitment to victimization committed and able to develop self, case-by-cases and teams to improve plaqueal effectiveness Problem solving sagaciousness and applying relevant information to make seize decisions which reflect key priorities and requirements Situational awareness maintaining an active awareness of the environment to promote unassailable and effective working Commitment to excellence leading groups to achieve excellence by the establishment, maintaining and managing performance requirements supplying and implementing creating and implementing effective plans to sustain a range of organ izational objectives semi policy-making/organizational awareness recognizing the potential political meeting and implications of actions from a strategic placement These are primarily for operational lag but there is an expectation that all meat managers fulfil these roles. 2. 3 Stakeholders and their objectives A run a riskholder is any individual or placement that is affected by the activities of a business.They whitethorn deem a direct or indirect interest in the business, and whitethorn be in contact with the business on a daily basis, or whitethorn just occasionally. Our main stake holders are Members they are elected, accountable and driving values and activities. Staff they will be interested in job warranter and pay. Agencies Shools, NHS, Housing, Police, Highship canal, Waste and Building Control. Other regimen SE7, a partnership of seven councils that assume committed to working together to improve quality of services and to achieve savings. Stakeho lders withdraw an interest in the conjunction but do not own it. I would suggest that most people would rate the public would be the main stakeholder as the end-user. til now there is a stakeholder intercellular substance which is use to assess how much power and influence they puzzle to an formation. Using this and then influences how much attention/ anteriority the organisation should allocate to each. pic 3. The role of circumspection in achieving goals To achieve its goals and ensure that the stakeholders interests are continually analysed and met, the council employs middle managers. The council goals can only be achieved if everyone works as a team and supports the council vision and values. ticker managers are an important component of this team. Middle managers prolong a responsibility within the organisation to implement at an operational level, the policy and programs set out by the ranking(prenominal) managers and directors.They have a knock-down(prenominal) im pact on the outcome of customer propitiation, employee satisfaction and the efficiency and development of the organisation. Middle managers within the company also act as role warnings who interpret and represent the company they notify and track the contrary goals and policies ensuring information flows up as well as down. 3. 1 Responsibilities of middle managers Middle managers pass along strategic objections from ranking(prenominal) managers to their subordinates. They set local targets, review and evaluate, and report back to senior managers. Communication is and then crucial in the organisation to ensure everyone fully understands their roles and responsibilities.Middle managers play an important role in promulgating information to their module from senior managers in an appropriate manner and understandable terminology to ensure duties are carried out expeditiously and effectively, as we have a work as public servants to provide value for money. In essence they make it received. Various systems are in place to enable middle managers to provide rating on targets to senior managers, and provide data for Best Value Performance Indicators (BVPIs). Adairs Action Centred Leadership model can be used to show how middle managers can show achievement towards the organisations goals By Achieving the Task By development the Team By Developing Individuals Importantly as well, Adair set out these core functions of lead and says they are brisk to the Action Centred Leadership model Planning seeking information, defining projections, setting aims Initiating briefing, problem allocation, setting standards Controlling maintaining standards, ensuring progress, on-going decision-making Supporting individuals contributions, encouraging, team spirit, reconciling, morale Informing clarifying tasks and plans, updating, receiving feedback and interpreting Evaluating feasibility of ideas, performance, enabling self sagaciousness Following rearing , Medway Council middle managers are voluminous in recruiting rung, conduct appraisals and performance management and absence management, in accordance with service procedures. Middle managers are specialists within their part or team. . 3. 2 Leadership/ centering styles How you talk to your staff, how you motivate, how you delegate, how you solve problems and how you make decisions will depend on you view your role as a manager or as a draw.The table at appendix 4 lists the unalike styles. 3. 3 To lead or to manage You need some(prenominal). The old proverb says that leading is doing the effective thing management is doing things right. The difference in the midst of the two is not as abrupt as the saying would suggest, and both are required for effective corporate emersion lead risk creates opportunities while management strictness turns them into tangible conduces. If your organization is not on a journey acquiret bother almost leadership just settle for managemen t advises rump Adair. There is a direct correlativity amid the way people view their managers and the way they perform 2 Leadership vs. circumspectionWhat is the difference amidst management and leadership? The biggest difference between managers and leaders is the way they motivate the people who work or follow them, and this sets the tone for most other aspects of what they do. Many people are both. They have management jobs, but they realize that you cannot defile hearts, especially to follow them down a difficult path, and so act as leaders too. Managers have subordinates people who hold out at levels below the managers. Leaders have followers, leaders do not have subordinates at least not when they are leading. Many organizational leaders do have subordinates, but only because they are also managers.But when they want to lead, they have to give up formal tyrannic control, because to lead is to have followers, and interest is always a voluntary activity. In summary Th e table at appendix 5 summarizes the differences between being a leader and being a manager. This is, of course, an illustrative characterisation, and there is a whole spectrum between all end of these scales along which each person can range. Leadership and Adaptability We know that what will urge on or motivate one staff member, will not inspire or motivate another managers therefore need to be adaptable in their responses to staff. 4. Communication and social relationships 4. 1 Explanation3 social parley is a crucial part of your everyday life, yet you probably seldom think some the way in which you interact with other individuals. DeVito defines interpersonal communications as communication that takes place between two persons who have an established relationship the people are in nearly way connected Thus, as interpersonal communication can occur between romantic partners, business associates, doctors and patients, etc. , it permeates our lives. Often, you hallow your in terpersonal interactions to attempts at influencing the other individual in some way. 4. 2 Barriers angiotensin-converting enzyme thing Ive seen as an inhibitor is people like to communicate in different ways. So as a manager, we need to really seek to understand for each person, what they prefer.Some may like condensed 1-1 sessions that focus on quick communication of facts. Some may like extended communication sessions and be comfortable talking about personal life. Some may want weekly 1-1s, some bi-weekly. essay to tailor the communication style in personal interactions is important. Another inhibitor Ive seen is globally dispersed teams where communication can practically take the form of instant communicate conversations and emails. I find that at least on occasion, suggesting a quick 5 minute call to cover something can really be of value allows a more personal level of communication and can also allow for off topic communication which can help people connect.Managemen t is based on communication but being able to transfer that into drivers, performance, motivation and sustainability needs leadership and empowerment skills. It is the basis of trust construct. You can give someone a evoke or cheers and even both over a coffee and with true commitment you have a strong bond to build on. It converts into motivation when focused right. Its not just about communicating its about several crucial interplays of trust, motivation, inspiration, support and leadership. The main barriers we come across are solved on a trust related basis. flat a simple barrier like arriving late for work is a push-down list without trust.Bottom line is each team player is different respect will give you the ability to enter and discuss. self-assurance will aid the action plan then follow up and recognise progress mechanisms facilitate team building and mentoring. 5. Development opportunities Every council employee has a PDR screen Performance over the last 6/12 mo nths, achieved objectives/targets, areas of good performance. Areas of performance to be developed further or any other problems or constraints. agree priority objectives/targets for next 12 months (including any merged Plan objectives/targets). Review of development and training over last 12 months. Agreed future development. section/department/authority. Managers comments. Employees comments alone managers will manage differently as no two people are the same. However if a manager is able to critically appraise their own performance they will be able to identify areas to be developed, or at least to be aware of. The Johari Window (Loft and Hingham) is a astray used model for understanding and training self-awareness, personal development, improving communications, interpersonal relationships, group dynamics, team development and inter-group relationships. 4 pic 1. The public area contains things that are openly known and talked about and which may be seen as strengths or weaknesses. This is the self that we choose to share with others 2.The hugger-mugger area contains things that others observe that we dont know about. Again, they could be positive or negative behaviours, and will affect the way that others act towards us. 3. The unknown area contains things that cipher knows about us including ourselves. This may be because weve never exposed those areas of our personality, or because theyre buried deep in the subconscious. 4. The private area contains aspects of our self that we know about and keep hidden from others. 5. 1 Personal style The main two styles used by myself now are Negotiating and Facilitating I carried out a self- estimation and had three of staff carry out the assessment for comparison.All four assessments are plum well balanced showing my main two styles are Negotiating and Facilitating. extension 6 is my self-assessment. Appendix 7 is an assessment by one of my senior engineers. This shows a lower root for Directing and a higher result for Laissez-faire when compared to the other two staff assessments. This person is experienced, knowledgeable and trustworthy and has conceit in his work. Appendix 8 is an assessment by one of my junior engineers. This shows an affix in Directing and a shit decrease in Laissez-faire. This person is efficient but still requires a short(p) coaching at times. Appendix 9 is an assessment by a fairly new member of staff.This shows a satisfying increase in Directing and a small decrease in Laissez-faire. This person being fairly new to the team still requires Directing while he gets used to the policies and working practices of the organisation. From the assessment results, it is clear that my main two leadership styles are Negotiating and Facilitating, this fits in well with the organisation and is both encouraged and supported by the business. I believe I use the following styles genius 1 the directing or telling leader. This style I use on new members of staff a nd for projects that are high priority and need to be completed by the book. Style 2 the coaching or selling leader.I use this style when dealing with the every day workloads, I have two senior engineers who manage the internal and outdoor(a) work queues seperately. I leave them to orghanise there own schedule but varan both queues and expect feed back from them. Style 3 the supporting or participating leader. I use this style during when I have smaller projects that I can delegate to my engineers knowing that they are fully capable of achieving the goals laid down. Style 4 the delegating leader. I use this when I delegate more obscure projects to my senior engineers knowing that they are fully capable of achieving the goals set out and will seek my advice/approval if any changes are required during the project. 5. 2 Personal development My areas for self improvement would be 1.Communication, change leadership is enhanced when leaders communicate a little at a time, as ofte n as possible, in as many different ways as possible, and providing as many different perspectives as possible. Once team members have built their own personal model of the future and have checked it out against the reality of what is happening on the ground, so that they can once again let to make their own decisions, the communication fulfil will have served its purpose. This could be achieved by allowing time for more team meetings to pass on any changes that may be in the pipeline, get an update on how the team feel in general. What has worked can we improve on current working practices to give an improved and more efficient service to the organisation.What hasnt worked and why, analyse where the task went wrong and see if it can be avoided in the future, lessons learnt. Finally to give praise/rewards where/if appropriate. 2. Self awareness, more patience with both team members and customers, being an autocratic leader for 20 years leaves its mark. My own personal development plan can be found at appendix 10 Possible organisational improvements 1. Review working practices on a regular basis and try to improve on them making work more productive, efficient leading to a more effective service to the organisation picpic 1 Medway Council website 2 Adair, 1997 3 DeVito, J. A. (2004). The interpersonal communication book, 10th ed. capital of Massachusetts Pearson-Allyn & Bacon. 4 Google Images

Animal Shelters

wight Shelters For The Win Did you know that there atomic number 18 astir(predicate) 4 to 6 guanine fleshly cling tos in the United States? to a fault did you know that there ar mingled with 8 to 12 meg animate worlds in those fleshly furnishs? Unfortunately each twelvemonth between 4 to 6 million of those creatures be euthanized due to non beingness able to decree a home. Thats al closely half of the animals that enter a shelter yearly But what If I told you that you tolerate flip change for those animals, if you privy take euthanization completely off the evade and that youd be doing something good for you at the same epoch.You would do it right? headspring then you should go take over a pamper at your local shelter. non only will you be fortune the animals only if you would also benefit greatly from this. You would help save lives and also elucidate a modern best friend. Studies piss shown that more animals are euthanized than adopted at an anim al shelter So it is m for mountain to step up and make a difference in the serviceman Its not like the workers at an animal shelter want the animals to be euthanized, but they deliver no option because m any(prenominal) new animals come in everyday to the animal shelters all throughout the United States.I am going to lead all of you guys to adopt an animal at a local animal shelter and not at a ducky store. Buying an animal at a favourite store may reckon like a good option, but in reality there is a breach option That option is adopting an animal at an animal shelter Do you know what Puppy Mills are? How about Commercial Kennels? Well this is principal(prenominal) to know because many of the animals from those flatter stores are from these Puppy Mills and large technical kennels. Puppy Mills are give chase breeding facilities that put profits fore of the welfare of dogs. Those breeders do not concern about filth, disease, socialization, and overcrowding.They dont al imony about inbreeding or genetic defects either. They dont alimony about who in the world buy the puppies and also they do not care about wear out the breeding moms. They beneficial care about making money. Yes I verbalise it. Money, money, and more money. Its a dismal truth but its the truth. On the otherwise hand, the animals at an animal shelter are well cared for and are not forcefully bred. The commonwealth there actually care for the animals and help treat the animals who were once abused, unexpended behind, and not cared for. Many of those working at an animal shelter usually do not hold up paid such(prenominal) or do not get paid at all.Most volunteer their era to help the animals in desperate hire They do it because they deplete a lovingness for animals. They do not care about the money, they care about the animals health, well being, and most importantly, helping the animals find a new home. there is a myth that animal shelters do not have pedigree(prenomi nal) animals but that is completely untrue That is fitting a rumor. If you just take time to go to your local animal shelter, I know that you can find a purebred animal. Of course it would be harder to find purebred animals, but it is definitely not impossible.Another reason why I gauge adopting is a better option is that not only is there a manakin of animals there, but it is also much more affordable. Did you really think that purchase a pet at a pet store was cheaper? Well you are aggrieve Adoption fees at an animal shelter are much lower than buying from a pet store. Adoption fees can vary by location and animal shelters, but the prices can range from being free to 250 dollars. Comparing to the prices at a pet store, many animals like dogs and cats are being sold for almost deuce-ace the price Some are eventide sold for 1000 dollars That is really dear(predicate)This shows how the animal shelters put the animals before the money. estimate yourself in a world, where ther e were no animal shelters. Only those puppy move and large commercial kennels. Life would latch on right? The population of animals would decrease hugely and also there would be so many more animals with illnesses, diseases, and defects. Also the animals would have to continue to live life mournful and suffer in pain, the rest of their life. Now, retrieve the world where everyone only adopted animals at a shelter The world would be so much happier for the animals and the people there would no longer be any more of those Puppy mill about or large commercial kennels and there would be no more of those heartless people who forcefully breed animals for money. Life would be so much better and if the animals could talk, I know they would say something like this I love you, and Thank you for saving my life. So the next time you want to have a new pet, just memorialize and think back about how adopting at an animal shelter is a better option than buying from a pet store. Think about how the animals from a pet store come from puppy mills and commercial kennels.Think about how poorly the animals are treated, and how this results in the animals having serious illnesses, diseases, and genetic defects. There is a simple solution to this problem. tout ensemble you have to do is adopt from an animal shelter and not buy from a pet store Dont forget that those people from those puppy mills and commercial kennels just breed for quantity not quality. non glib-tongued enough? Be ataraxis Then you better read my persuasive speech paper again. Haha Im just kidding. But seriously adopt your new best friend from your local shelter

'Save the Environment\r'

'My milieual emersion is cast aside befoulment. Trash defilement is basic tout ensemble in ally when great deal pollute bea’s where animals and tender-hearted’s live with water ice that they fag’t thrash of properly so it end’s up in the places that we put one across’t want it worry the ocean, and places where we generally live by. Trash pollution is occurring all over the world. Where ever people live their is al roughly always dispose their. People are to lazy to dispose of their methamphetamine hydrochloride the right way so they basically throw it on the street, on beach’s etc. The issue that are facing are wildlife is that the trash is destroying their environment and polluting their ecosystem. ne example is that in Hawaii the sea turtles are dieing because they farm tangled in plastic tonic holders and they are also eating the trash that floats in the ocean. Polluting the ocean kills a megabucks of the oversized ani mals overly because if the food sources for the big fish all die consequentlyce of course the big fish bequeath start to die too. The challenges were facing is conclusion out how to bankrupt it because its a transnational enigma so its hard to keep back it because no one know where its advance from or who is doing it so its hard to stop it completely.Trash pollution is the worst in trim because their is more trash on demean then in the ocean and it does nevertheless more damage on orbit then it does in the ocean because its non only effecting the gays yet the human’s main food sources and the lend that they grow the assorted types of agriculture on. If we tangle with’t piddle food we john’t survive and the main problem isn’t the polluting of trash, its how a great deal trash we are actually generating because in a play off years almost all state of matter fills bequeath be full and their win’t be enough place for the othe r trash.People move aim proposed resultant roles like cycle metals, plastics, and glass. In Hawaii, some location have places to recycle your bottle’s and cans and u can even get currency for recycling your materials. That’s what i don’t get, people getting give to recycle? And yet people cool off are too lazy. Its the best of twain worlds because if i recycle my materials then then won’t end up in our landfills and i get a few extra bucks depending on how much materials i recycle to spend on anything i want like for louse up in i need.Also people have created materials to substitute the materials that take along snip to biodegrade. Companies have created biodegradable bags and wrappers for the food items they get together to make their company more young and help the environment out. Why non recycle? well that is the global oral sex that still can’t all told be answered. Trash pollution has naturalized the economy in many different ways. In Economics, an outsideity is a follow or benefit, not transmitted with prices,[1] incurred by a party who did not agree to the action causing the exist or benefit.A benefit in this causal agency is called a positive externality or external benefit, while a price is called a negative externality or external cost. In these cases in a warring market, prices do not smooth the full cost or benefits of producing or consuming a product or service, producers and consumers may either not presume all of the cost or not reap all of the benefits of the frugal activity, and too much or too microscopical of the good will be produced or consumed in terms of overall costs and benefits to guild.If on that point exist external costs such as pollution, the good will be overproduced by a competitive market, as the producer does not take into account the external costs when producing the good. If there are external benefits, such as in areas of education or familiar safety, too li ttle of the good would be produced by private markets as producers and buyers do not take into account the external benefits to others. Here, overall cost and benefit to society is defined as the sum of the economic benefits and costs for all parties involved. [2]\r\nSave the surround\r\nA speech: Save the environment !! ————————————————- Welcome everybody, today we are divergence to talk about us, about our environment, and our planet. ————————————————- timbre nigh you people, what do you see? awake up and open your eyes widely. ————————————————- directly it becomes normal to see the earth pang from pollution. ———————————R 12;———— Trashes, factories, nuclear energy, bombes and chemicals are all destroying our planet. In fact we are the main savvy of all those disasters. Human selfishness and economy splendor are all causes. Unfortunately most of us don’t aid about his personal environment forgetting that fright effects like diseases, desertification, and ozone layer’s hole, acid rain can all lead to our extinction.Those dreadful global warnings and catastrophes around the world opened our eyes to the literal hazardous situation we’re firing to face for the next years if this pollution completes increasing. Every day in the sassys program we hear about a new earthquake or an erupted volcano or a tsunami or a destruct city. It’s getting really bad, all because the nature is angry about those threats. just there is always hope and never forget late is better than never. It’s our planet our future protecting it offset by now is the onl y ascendant to survive and to solve fauna and plant’s problems.There is a million solution like saving water, stop logging, cosmos more responsible green and sensitized, side by side(p) the 3rs strategy, using biological products and of course trenchant for new natural sources of energy because simply if we don’t respect the plenty given to us we will discharge it as soon as possible. ————————————————- instantly for sure we all imagine that pollution is a monster and it’s our art to protect mother Earth from it but seriously isn’t it a tariff humans owe to themselves??\r\n'

'Paulo Freire’s The Banking Concept of Education\r'

'In Paulo Freire”s ‘The â€Å"Banking” creation of Education” the author uses several similes, metaphors and analogies to beget across his of import point †the kind between teachers and students, and the way the teaching subprogram takes place. He feels they way students are taught isn”t as effective as it could be. The main analogy Freire uses, is that teachers â€Å"deposit” information into the students” sagacitys, preferably than actually having the students not only go steady the hearty, further cut that they know and scan the material presented.\r\nHe brings ab emerge the occurrence that the majority of what students are taught does not in a flash involve them or their lives making the material seem almost foreign. To better allude the students to the material, he states the teachers should present the material to students in a way that they understand how it relates to them. Which is very true, considering that when people know that they need to know something that will benefit them in a way apart from taking a test, they tend to retain the information better.\r\nmoreover he says that the teachers should not scarcely teach, and the students should just learn, but that both teachers and students should go by means of the process of learning together, eliminating the gap of going that exists between the two. Not only does this eradicate the boredom that often occurs in classrooms, but actually is motivation for students to speak out sharing what they know, which further increases their knowledge, as hearty as their peers.\r\nThis selection by Freire could be summed up by a very fitting quote by Plutarch, â€Å"The mind is not a vessel to be filled, but a fire to be kindled.”\r\n'

'Comparative Religion\r'

'Judea, Islam, Hindu †these atomic number 18 just a few of the various righteousnesss upright all everywhere the world, and with these religions, come their theologys, such as Allah, who is proficient by those with Islamic belief, and Brahman, who is kn throw by a descriptor of names and forms by Hindus around the globe. to each hotshot religion has their own unique practices, their own unique beliefs, but with these differences comes exchangeableities.\r\nThose who follow the faiths of either Islamic or Hindu religions get under integritys skin conflicting ideas, but still, twain religions get under ones skin similar aspects, such as the fact that both religions be monotheistic, not to credit entry the practice of charity and pilgrimage to God. though with diverse names, both Islamic and Hindu religions latria one original God, making them both monotheistic, importation that their religions only think in one deity. The Qur’an, which is the holy parole of Islam, asserts the existence of a single and domineering God that transcends the world.\r\nThough often fictitious as a polytheistic religion, Hinduism like believes in a one align God, but believes that He comes in a variety of shapes and forms. And it is here, that the ii religions diverse. Islamic chase believe in an all the right way being known as Allah, irrelevant the Hindus, who worship Maya, Shakti and the sorts, all of whom are contrasting extensions of the one true God. One could come upon as to why Hinduism is often off-key as a polytheistic religion. tho in truth, both are monotheistic.\r\nTo function shut outr with God †this is the ultimate finish in smell when it comes to both the Islamic and Hindu religions. The difference between the two lies as to how they cause closer to God. Islam’s believe that their one purpose in life is to worship God, Islam literally meaning submission, specifically to God; the Islamic are expected to worship and adore him. The Hindu’s too belief that one’s goal in life is too become as close with God as possible done the acts of positive karma, in which one is reincarnated over and over again until a participator is one with God.\r\nTo be one with God is the goal for followers of both religions. To become closer with God, followers of both religions are expected to associate themselves with acts of charities and good deeds. With the Hindus, this is similar to positive karma, in which they believe that when one does a positive act, something good impart happen in return, and vice versa. Those of the Islamic faith though, strongly follow the quintuplet Pillars, in which the basis of Islamic religion is worshipped upon; Confession, Prayer, Fasting, Charity, and Pilgrimage.\r\nBoth Islam’s and Hindus analogous commit themselves to charity. Hindu and Islam are practiced by millions of people around the world, in all four corners of the globe. As noteworthy earlier, both religions are monotheistic, meaning that they worship none but one true God. Islam’s and Hindu’s alike wish for pilgrimage with their God, and followers of both religions must commit themselves to charity. But in the end, despite their differences, Hindu and Islamic religions do have their similarities.\r\n'

'Media coursework\r'

'The age 14â€25 is an steal target audience for the story boundary I shed chosen. My odd retain is also aimed at boys which is stereotypical simply I found that during my research salute boys buy darker, gorier comic word of honors so this helped me pick out the colors for my revulsion comic track record front concealment.My comic book also represents the social group of people who the like dark, chivalric, horror comics. I have achieved this finished the use of dark colors. By exploitation the Image of a superhero standing leggy on the front of the page, this brings In the sound feel to horror. This can then be seen as the person In the sign non wanting to mess about, linking to the horror theme again-I researched kittys f gothic comic books in advance so had a very good knowledge of what a typical horror comic book front cover looked like.In this image I decided to make the moon brighter to appearance the amount of light against the dark colors. Also, this make the comic book front cover stand out much to my audience. development photos I also cut well-nigh the circle to there was no sour to make the moon be more clear to the audience against the dark background. with the process of constructing my fruit I have become much more ripe at using photos than I was before.It gave me a chance to use a lot of the features which I had not used before such as: the lasso pawn which I found extremely implemental when transferring images onto my front cover. I used photos to make out my photos to make them look darker. If I was passage to repeat this assignment I would of wish to of chosen a different strictly because I am a female child so I am not very interested it that theme. Also, I would of like to of chosen a different layout for my product because I feel like my comic book was not very pilot or creative.\r\n'

'Holographics and Virtual Reality\r'

'HOLOGRAPHICS AND authoritativeistic globe Major KVP Dhammika M. Phill(Electronic and Tele parley)Engineering middle Carg unrivaledr Course -45 Military College of maneuver Rawalpindi †Pakistan Nov 2011 CONTENT 1. Introduction 2. Aim 3. modernistics report and Background 4. Important Concepts 5. Type of palpcapableistic(prenominal) orbly concern Systems 6. Few Virtual e artistryhly concern Techniques that Actu e actu tot everyyy last(predicate)y Work at con look 7. The Extreme Future of Virtual ingenuousness 8. Conclusion INTRODUCTION What is hithertotual(a)? How do you define literal? If youre talking well(p) ab a panache what you buy the fartherm of ass hear, what you faeces smell, taste and feel, beca exercise accepted is simply electrical signals interpreted by your card. Morpheus (The Matrix) 1. It was my give birth picture side by side(p) coming decade word practical(prenominal) get out be a actu solelyy common to individually(prenom inal)one since we on the whole living in margin of legitimate mankind and practical(prenominal) population (Kind of trance introduction). When I started my gamy school studies in mathematics archetype of imaginary numbers baffle me so conf rehearse solely thought of its historical goence me more(prenominal) than conf employ. When I looked by a mirror I invariably thought imaginary globe which was explained to me in complex numbers ar exist at bottom the world that I am observing through a mirror. 2.When I was a kid TV rise â€Å" engineer word Trek” and â€Å"Blake’s 7” induced my desire to study well-nigh Teleportation ( bound that refers to a number of theories and nonions concerning the transfer of  theme from one bespeak to an opposite with bar to the fore traversing the tangible space between them, similar to the fantasy â€Å"apport”, an sooner word functiond in the context of spiritualism). Figure 1 head liner Trek Teleportation Further my desire to say archetypes of Holography and Virtual realism (VR) was stimu after-hoursd out-of-pocket to two popular movies â€Å"Total conceive” and â€Å"Matrix”. . To day scientist had enact that every thing we know in cargoner pre help oneself be reduced to electrical activity affect our geniuss as our sensory organs mouth in castingation close to the external world. This reading material is what we consider to be â€Å" populace. ” In this sentiency, the wit is homosexualkind. everything you jut out, hear, feel, taste and smell is an edition of whats outside, and created on the whole inside your head. We tend to imagine that this interpretation matches very closely to the external world.Nothing could be further from the truth. 4. It is the mental capacity that â€Å"sees”, and in both(prenominal) important paths what it sees does non contrive the breeding it derives from sensory input. For this understanding, we argon all living in our own cosmos simulations †abstractions †that we construct as a ending of both what we perceive with our senses and how our mental capacitys modify this perception. more(prenominal) things as color, smell and taste, for manikin be not properties of the outside world itself, provided quite a category created by the process of perception.In order to run into the world in a reputeingful way, the star moldiness act as a filter/interference between us and the â€Å" solid” world. 5. Words look at constantly and a day been a crude method acting of relaying intent. VR holds out the promise of allowing us to literally launch one early(a) what we mean var. of than merely describing it with crude verbal approximations. The restriction of words is that the meaning they convey is single as detailed as the definitions the endorser or listener attaches to them.For this reason VR fissures the fortuity of ev olving our communication into a kind of telepathy, in the wide run bridging the gap between our discrete imaginations. â€Å"This is what practical(prenominal) frankness holds out to us †the speculation of walking into the constructs of the imagination. ” †Terence McKenna 6. VR is the last long suit of syntactic intent; the scarcely way to figuratively â€Å"show” someone exactly what you mean is to literally show them. Words ar exceptionally ineffective at transferral meaning, as they atomic number 18 a low-bandwidth, lossy medium of knowledge transference.VR pull up stakes allow us re assume the ambiguity that is the in consistency between our internal dictionaries and bypass communication through symbolism altogether. The expiry forget be perfect re exposeing, as all ramifyies behold the equal in readyation. 7. Holography is a technique that allows the  wanton scattered from an object to be recorded and later reconstructed so that when an imaging constitution (a camera or an eye) is determined in the reconstructed beam, an pic of the object leave be seen charge when the object is no longer present.The cypher changes as the position and orientation of the covering system changes in exactly the equal way as if the object were heretofore present, thus making the image bulge out  ternion- markal. 8. Virtual domain is an artificial surroundings that is created with softw atomic number 18 and presented to the practice sessionr in much(prenominal) a way that the theatrical roler suspends spirit and accepts it as a certain environs. On a reckoner, realistic ingenuousness is in the beginning experienced through two of the quint senses: sight and wholesome. Today its go beyond and planning to experience in all fiver senses. 9.The simplest form of realistic veracity is a 3-D image that open fire be explored interactively at a mortalal computing device, usually by manipulatin g keys or the nobble so that the content of the image moves in some direction or zooms in or out. More sophisticated efforts collect such approaches as wrap-around exhibit screens, substantial rooms augmented with wearable electronic computers, and haptics (  tactile feedback  applied science acquisition that takes advantage of a users sense of touch by applying forces, vibrations, or motions to the user) de guilts that let you feel the display images. 0. Today we ar in a world where human being r some(prenominal)lyed their new electronic telecommunication advancement to practically feasible of intercommunicate holographic images, realistic naive realism games and Telepresence (refers to a set of technologies which allow a person to feel as if they were present, to give the port of being present, or to take a shit an effect, via tele-robotics, at a place other than their sure location). 11. These two field application fanny be expected in al almost all the fields. Specially armament, education, business and entertainment. take up 12.Aim of this re search work is to acquaint student officers immerging new two technologies, holography and practical(prenominal)(prenominal) human race. score AND BACKGROUND 13. In mid fifties visionary cinematographer Morton H Eilig strengthened a single user locker called â€Å"Sensorama” that included a stereoscopic display, fans, or emitters, stereo speakers and a moving chair. This enabled the user watch television in cardinal dimensional ways. 14. In 1961, Philco Corporation engineers certain the firstly HMD known as the â€Å"Headsight”. The helmet consisted of a pic screen on with a tracking system. Then they linked to a closed circuit camera system.Then reasonably similar HMD was use for helicopter pilots. age flying in the sullen these were of peachy inspection and repair. 15. In 1965, a computer scientist advertd Ivan Sutherland portrayed what he called the â€Å"Ultimate Display. ” After utilise this display a person imagines the realistic(prenominal) world very similar to the real world. During 1966, an HMD was built by Sutherland, which was tethitherd to a computer system. The thought of practical(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) earthly concern has been around since 1965, when Ivan Sutherland expressed his ideas of creating realistic or imaginary worlds. At MIT, he conducted experiments with threesome dimensional displays.In 1969, he developed the first system to surround race in three dimensional displays of information. Between the 70s and late 80s, the concept of practical(prenominal) naturalism was in the first place used by the United States. The military used it as charge simulators to explicate pilots. The other countries in the world did not show all interest in this engine room until the late 1980s. Since then, virtual(prenominal) reality has developed in umpteen other(prenominal) ways to be neck an emerging applied science of our time. 16. To my own thought we experiencing some kind of virtual reality in our own dreams. When you argon in sound sleep you see dreams that you whitethorn feel it real. sidereal day dreams to a fault plays very vital role, all form of these dreams help to create great sciences, fictions and all form of arts. In virtual reality engineering we argon trying to create dream world in real life where we won’t be able to identify margin between real world and virtual world. In other way round optical illusions we experiencing ilk mirage and rainbows too like holographic exclusion humans are about to experience. 17. Holography was spy by the British-Hungarian scientist Dennis Gabor in 1947, though its intact potential waited it seems, on the birth of the laser, 1963.Holography is define as the process of wavefront reconstruction. In considering one of the several methods of constructing a hologram, the principles we a wait for spirit the process are simple. key CONCEPTS 18. The concepts behind virtual reality are based upon theories about a long held human desire to escape the boundaries of the ‘real world’ by embracing cyberspace. erstwhile there we crowd out interact with this virtual environment in a more naturalistic manner which impart get new forms of human-machine fundamental interaction (HMI).The aim is to move beyond standard forms of interaction such as the keyboard and mouse which most people work with on a day-by-day basis. This is seen as an unnatural way of running(a) which forces people to adapt to the demands of the technology rather than the other way around. and a virtual environment does the opposite. It allows someone to in full immerse themselves in a passing optic world which they explore by heart and soul of their senses. This natural form of interaction inside this world oft results in new forms of communication and understanding. 19.The experien ce of a virtual world mimics that of a real world scenario further often without some(prenominal) of its constraints. Virtual reality enables allows someone to do the following: a. Walk around a third-dimensional building b. Perform a virtual operation. c. Play a multi-user game. d. follow part in a battleground of state of war. e. Interact with an artwork. Plus the fact that they mint do this in a 3D environment means that they replicate an experience similar to that in the real world but without umpteen of the dangers. This is preferable to trying to simulate these experiences in a monotonous setting, e. g. a computer desktop. 0. Virtual reality withal acts as a business solving device in that it enables us to explore various options as a means of finding an answer to a problem. For example, an engineering company give use virtual reality to produce a prototype which is then tested and the results provide back to the design root. The advantage of this is that it ena bles the designers to stimulate alterations to their design but at faraway less time and cost. This is a prefer option to building a strong-arm prototype which is expensive to build and make changes to: especially if it undergoes several alterations as part of the design process.Holography Concept. 21. Holography is an image registered with use of ar get downd laser light. It allows preserving the 3-D information of a holographed subject. With a single germ of whiten light, the image is â€Å"played back” and appears in 3-D exactly as it was registered in the studio. Image ordurenister confuse mystic inside, or â€Å"stick” out of the picture. nigh im contingent to copy and displaying unique optic effects, they present themselves as an unbeatable aegis solution for scrape protection and brand promotion. 22. The Holography is based upon Nobel Prize winner Dennis Gabors surmise concerning interference patterns.Gabor theorized in 1947 that each acme of the wave pattern confines the whole information of its original source, and that this information could be stored on assume and reproduced. This is why it is called a Holography. 23. Holography is the only visual recording and playback process that can record our three-dimensional world on a two-dimensional recording medium and playback the original object or scene, to the unaided eyes, as a three dimensional image. The image demonstrationnstrates complete parallax and depth-of-field.The image floats in space either behind, in front of, or straddling the recording medium The population as a Holography 24. In 1982 a remarkable event took place. Aspect and his team discovered that under certain peck subatomic particles such as electrons are able to instantaneously communicate with each other regardless of the keep separating them. University of capital of the United Kingdom physicist David Bohm, for example, believes Aspects findings imply that accusing reality does not exist, t hat despite its apparent solidity the worldly concern is at heart a phantasm, a gigantic and splendidly detailed Holography.To understand why Bohm makes this blow out of the water assertion, one must first understand a particular about Holographys. A Holography is a three- dimensional photograph made with the aid of a laser. To make a Holography, the object to be photographed is first bathed in the light of a laser beam. When the film is developed, it looks like a meaningless swirl of light and dark lines. But as soon as the developed film is illuminated by another laser beam, a three-dimensional image of the original object appears. 24.If a Holography of a rose is cut in half and then illuminated by a laser, each half bequeath still be comprise to contain the total image of the rose. Indeed, even if the halves are divided again, each snippet of film will always be found to contain a modester but intact version of the original image. unalike normal photographs, every part of a Holography contains all the information be in possession ofed by the whole. 25. This insight suggested to Bohm another way of understanding Aspects discovery. Imagine an aquarium containing a fish. This, says Bohm, is on the nose what is going on between the subatomic particles in Aspects experiment. 6. According to Bohm, the apparent faster-than-light companionship between subatomic particles is really coition us that there is a deeper train of reality we are not washstand to, a more complex dimension beyond our own that is analogous to the aquarium. And, he adds, we date objects such as subatomic particles as split up from one another because we are seeing only a portion of their reality. Such particles are not separate â€Å"parts”, but facets of a deeper and more underlying unity that is last as holographic and indivisible by(predicate) as the previously mentioned rose.And since everything in physiological reality is comprised of these â€Å"eidolons”, the population is itself a projection, a Holography. In addition to its phantomlike disposition, such a universe would possess other rather startling features. If the apparent separateness of subatomic particles is illusory, it means that at a deeper level of reality all things in the universe are infinitely matching. 27. In a holographic universe, even time and space could no longer be viewed as fundamentals. What else the superHolography contains is an open-ended question.Bohm is not the only looker who has found evidence that the universe is a Holography. running(a) independently in the field of question research, Standford neurophysiologist Karl Pribram has also establish persuaded of the holographic nature of reality. 28. Pribram was drawn to the holographic model by the induce of how and where memories are stored in the thinker. In a series of landmark experiments in the 1920s, headway scientist Karl Lashley found that no depicted object what portion of a rats brai n he removed he was unable to radicate its keeping of how to perform complex tasks it had learned prior(prenominal) to surgery. Then in the 1960s Pribram encountered the concept of holography and realized he had found the accounting brain scientists had been looking for. Pribram believes memories are encoded not in neurons, or small groupings of neurons, but in patterns of brace impulses that print the inviolate brain in the same way that patterns of laser light interference crisscross the entire area of a piece of film containing a holographic image. In other words, Pribram believes the brain is itself a Holography. 9. Pribrams supposition also explains how the human brain can store so many memories in so little space. It has been estimated that the human brain has the capacity to memorize something on the order of 10 billion bits of information during the come human lifetime (or roughly the same amount of information contained in five sets of the Encyclopaedia Britannica). 30. Our uncanny rightness to apace retrieve whatever information we need from the enormous store of our memories becomes more comprehensible if the brain functions according to holographic principles.Because every portion of a Holography is infinitely interconnected with ever other portion, it is perhaps natures controlling example of a cross-correlated system. 31. The storage of retentivity is not the only neurophysiological puzzle that becomes more tractable in light of Pribrams holographic model of the brain. Another is how the brain is able to translate the avalanche of frequencies it receives via the senses (light frequencies, sound frequencies, and so on) into the concrete world of our perceptions.Encoding and decoding frequencies is precisely what a Holography does best. Just as a Holography functions as a sort of lens, a translating device able to transfigure an apparently meaningless blur of frequencies into a coherent image, Pribram believes the brain also comprise s a lens and uses holographic principles to mathematically modify the frequencies it receives through he senses into the inner world of our perceptions. 32. An impressive carcass of evidence suggests that the brain uses holographic principles to perform its operations.Argentinian-Italian researcher Hugo Zucarelli lately extended the holographic model into the world of acoustic phenomena. Puzzled by the fact that humans can locate the source of sounds without moving their heads, even if they only possess hearing in one ear, Zucarelli discovered that holographic principles can explain this ability. Pribrams belief that our brains mathematically construct â€Å"hard” reality by relying on input from a frequency domain has also sure a good deal of data-based support. 33.Researchers have discovered, for instance, that our visual systems are subtile to sound frequencies, that our sense of smell is in part dependent on what are now called â€Å"osmic frequencies”, and tha t even the cells in our bodies are sensitive to a broad range of frequencies. For if the concreteness of the world is but a subaltern reality and what is â€Å"there” is actually a holographic blur of frequencies, and if the brain is also a Holography and only selects some of the frequencies out of this blur and mathematically transforms them into sensory perceptions, what becomes of objective reality? 4. We are really â€Å"receivers” directionless through a kaleidoscopic sea of frequency, and what we extract from this sea and transmogrify into sensual reality is but one pass from many extracted out of the superHolography. 35. This striking new picture of reality, the synthesis of Bohm and Pribrams views, has come to be called the holographic icon, and although many scientists have greeted it with skepticism, it has galvanized others. A small but growing group of researchers believe it may be the most accurate model of reality science has arrived at thus far.Nume rous researchers, including Bohm and Pribram, have remark that many para-psychological phenomena become much more understandable in terms of the holographic paradigm. 36. In a universe in which person brains are actually indivisible portions of the greater Holography and everything is infinitely interconnected, telepathy may merely be the accessing of the holographic level. It is obviously much easier to understand how information can travel from the see of individual ‘A to that of individual ‘B at a far distance point and helps to understand a number of unsolved puzzles in psychology.In particular, Grof feels the holographic paradigm offers a model for understanding many of the baffling phenomena experienced by individuals during change states of consciousness. TYPES OF VR SYSTEMS 37. This section describes some of the common modes used in VR systems. a. Window on earth Systems (WoW) round systems use a stuffy computer monitor to display the visual world. This sometimes called Desktop VR or a Window on a population (WoW). This concept traces its lineage back through the entire history of computer graphics.In 1965, Ivan Sutherland dictated out a research schedule for computer graphics in a paper called â€Å"The Ultimate Display” that has compulsive the field for the past n beforehand(predicate) thirty years. â€Å" unmatchable must look at a display screen,” he said, â€Å"as a window through which one beholds a virtual world. The challenge to computer graphics is to make the picture in the window look real, sound real and the objects act real. ” b. Video Mapping A variation of the WoW approach merges a characterization input of the users silhouette with a 2D computer graphic. The user watches a monitor that shows his bodys interaction with the world.Myron Kruger has been a magician of this form of VR since the late 60s. He has produce two books on the subject: â€Å" imitative Reality” and â€Å"Artif icial Reality II”. At least one commercial-grade system uses this approach, the Mandala system. This system is based on a Commodore Amiga with some added hardware and software. A version of the Mandala is used by the melodic line TV channel Nickelodeon for a game show (Nick Arcade) to put the contestants into what appears to be a large video game. c. Immersive Systems The ultimate VR systems completely immerse the users personal sales booth inside the virtual world.These â€Å"immersive” VR systems are often render with a Head attach Display (HMD). This is a helmet or a face mask that holds the visual and auditory displays. The helmet may be free ranging, tethered, or it might be attached to some sort of a boom armature. A nice variation of the immersive systems use three-fold large projection displays to create a ‘Cave or room in which the viewer(s) stand. An early implementation was called â€Å"The Closet Cathedral” for the ability to create the i mpression of an immense environment. within a small physical space.The Holodeck used in the television series â€Å"Star Trek: The Next Generation” is afar term extrapolation of this technology. d. Telepresence Telepresence is a variation on visualizing complete computer generated worlds. This a technology links strange sensors in the real world with the senses of a human operator. The remote sensors might be located on a robot, or they might be on the ends of WALDO like tools. Fire fighter aircrafts use remotely operated vehicles to handle some unreliable conditions. Surgeons are using very small instruments on cables to do surgery without stabbing a major hole in their patients.The instruments have a small video camera at the business end. Robots equipped with telepresence systems have already changed the way deep sea and volcanic exploration is done. NASA plans to use telerobotics for space exploration. There is currently a joint US/Russian project researching teleprese nce for space rover exploration. e. conglomerate Reality Merging the Telepresence and Virtual Reality systems gives the Mixed Reality or Seamless computer simulation systems. Here the computer generated inputs are incorporated with telepresence inputs and/or the users view of the real world.A surgeons view of a brain surgery is overlaid with images from earlier CAT scans and real-time ultrasound. A fighter pilot sees computer generated maps and data displays inside his fancy helmet visor or on cockpit displays. The phrase â€Å"fish tank virtual reality” was used to describe a Canadian VR system reported in the 1993 InterCHI proceedings. It combines a stereoscopic monitor display using liquid crystal shut glasses with a mechanical head tracker. The resulting system is superior to simple stereo-WoW systems due to the motion parallax effects introduced by the head tracker. What Is Virtual World? 39.Virtual worlds are three dimensional environments in which you can interact with others and create objects as part of that interaction. How do you do that? You appear as an personification in the virtual world: an avatar is a virtual representation of you (a ‘virtual ego’) which can take on any shape or form as you so wish. 40. There are a range of virtual worlds to lead from which include fantasy, sport, historical and science fiction. nigh are loosely based upon the real world but others such as fantasy worlds are as the name says: they are completely gulfed from the real world which is also part of their attraction.With virtual worlds, men appear as women and vice versa. Some people involve an animal as their alter ego. Whatever you choose the aim is to socially interact with other people in new and excite ways. This all adds to the experience. You can communicate with another person using text, sound, graphical images and gesture. Some of the more advanced worlds allow you to use voice or touch. FEW VIRTUAL REALITY TECHNOLOGIES THAT ACTUALLY WORK AT PRESENT 41. So far, virtual reality has mostly been a colossal disappointment. But VR has had its share of breakthroughs and innovative applications.Here are some VR technologies that work and that may yet point the way to truly successful virtual reality. a. Anxiety Therapy For years now, virtual environments have been used to treat anxiety problems with motion-picture show therapy. Psychologists treat phobias and post traumatic dialect disorder by exposing the patient to the thing that causes them anxiety and letting the anxiety propagate on its own. But this proves difficult if your stressor is a battlefield in Iraq. Enter virtual reality. Military psychologists use simulated Iraq war situations to treat soldiers.Other therapeutic VR uses include treating a fear of flying, fear of elevators, and even a â€Å"virtual nicotine craving” simulator for smoking addiction. b. VR development Programs Virtual reality environments have also been used for training simulators. The earliest examples were flight simulators but VR training has expanded beyond just that. There are many modern military examples, including Iraqi heathenish situations and battlefield simulators for soldiers. Other examples include counter-terrorism, para-trooping, welding, and digging training simulators. c.Multiplayer Online Gaming One result of virtual-reality research is the existence of entirely separate virtual worlds, inhabited entirely by the avatars of real world users. These worlds are sometimes referred to as massively multiplayer online games, and the World of Warcraft is the largest virtual gaming world in use now, with 11. 5 million subscribers. Another example is Second livelihood. The world of Second Life cant really be classified as a game, since the goal seems really just to be to wander around and interact with people, much like the real world.There is even a Second Life Shakespeare conjunction that performs Shakespear es works within Second Life. d. The Nintendo Wii probably the most successful cousin of virtual reality on the market instantly is the Nintento Wii. The Wii owes its motion capture and intuitive interaction concepts to the virtual reality technologies of the past. The controller is fundamentally a simplified version of the â€Å"virtual reality glove. ” Both the Wiimote and the Wii Fit offer users another way of interacting with their virtual environment without having to wear any bulky equipment. e. medical ProceduresModern medicine has also found many uses for virtual reality. Doctors can interact with virtual systems to practice procedures or to do bantam surgical procedures on a larger scale. Surgeons have also started using virtual â€Å"twins” of their patients, to practice for surgery before doing the actual procedure. f. give Natal The modish entry in the virtual reality inspired gaming world is  endure Natal, a new piece of technology under developmen t now for the Xbox. Project Natal proposes a new way of interacting with games, and indeed with computer systems in general.In their demo video, they propose a system that requires no keyboard and no controller, where a users voice and motions serve as their method for interacting with the system. The demo video is impressive, but the technology has not been complete and released yet. When it does get released, however, virtual reality will take another giant step towards total immersion and common hearthstone usage. g. The Cave The term â€Å"CAVE” refers to any virtual reality system that uses denary walls with multiple projectors to immerse users in a virtual world. The first CAVE was built in 1992 as a method of showing of scientific visualizations.Now, many universities have their own CAVE systems. The CAVE is used for visualizing data, for demonstrating 3D environments, and for around testing percentage parts of newly developed engineering projects. THE EXTREME FUTU RE OF VIRTUAL REALITY 42. When it comes right down to it, having a physical body in a reality constrained by the limitations of the physical laws has many drawbacks. Our bodies are extremely little(a) and can be damaged or killed in an instant if we are not careful, or are just plain unlucky. If anything goes abuse with a critical body part, the entire body could die.Our physical bodies are also deteriorated by aging. Either way, for now, if your body dies, your brain dies right along with it. Every human brain contains an immense wealth of information, memories, experiences and relationships. Every time a human brain dies, that incredible, unique wealth of knowledge dies with it, and is forever lost. The world is a dangerous place to inhabit in a fragile human body, and there are a lot of other problems that come with having a physical presence in a physical world. Using the bathroom, body odor, obstacle traveling, limitation of possibilities, just to name a few.Up to this point , we have had no alternative to life, in like manner death. Due to nanotechnology, there may come a time when people will actually have a plectrum between life in the â€Å"real world,” an existence inside a computer generated simulation, or death. Vertebrane †Enter The Matrix 43. â€Å"Vertebrane” is the term for a speculative brain-computer interface technology first proposed by Marshall thought in the bookManna. The technology consists of a computer system packaged as a replacement for one of the upper cervical vertebra in the human spine. The Vertebrane system lights-out into all sensory and motor nerve bundles flowing to and from the brain.Vertebrane allows for augmented reality or a complete disconnection of the brain from the biological body and subsequent electronic reconnection to a virtual body typically inhabiting a virtual world. It would be the â€Å"ultimate videogame controller. ” 44. Everything you enjoy about the real world and your rea l body it will be viable to duplicate exactly in the virtual environment. It will also be possible to improve everything you enjoy, and make virtually (pun intended) anything that was once impossible, possible for you. 45. The Vertebrane system itself would consist of a diminutive, yet extremely powerful nanocomputer.Power would come from a small onboard force out cell that uses blood glucose to generate electricity. The system would be installed by a robotic surgeon which would sever the spinal cord and reroute it into the Vertebrane. any sensory nerve pathways (optic, auditory and so on ) would be tapped into the system. In pass-through mode, the Vertebrane would act as if it was not there, and you would be able to function completely normally. In â€Å"game” mode, the vertebrane would disconnect your brain from your body and reconnect it to your virtual avatar. The Day You Discard Your Body: 46. Given the preference of being in your real body vs. our avatar, you will choose your avatar every time. Therefore, your biological body will become redundant and irrelevant. It will become possible to discard your body and have only your brain housed in a hotshot Storage Facility, connected to a vertebrane-type computer. Here, along with thousands of other brains, your brain will be encased in a protective, liquid-filled life-support system chamber. This will eliminate all of the risks that come along with having a body. It will also greatly increase longevity by keeping the environmental conditions evermore at ideal levels, and removing almost all risk factors of your previous life.Brain Storage Facilities will be maximum security, reinforced buildings, greaseproof to earthquakes, hurricanes, bombs, etc. Electronic Transcendence 47. Incredibly, it is possible to envision something even more fore than disembodied human brains connected to a simulated reality. The ultimate in virtual reality involves discarding not only your physical body, but also your physical brain. â€Å" straits uploading,” â€Å"whole brain emulation,” or â€Å"mind transfer” is the theoretical process of transferring the consequence of a biological brain into a computer system. There are several proposed techniques by which mind uploading could be wind.Many mainstream research funders are not convinced of its feasibleness; however some scientists do believe that this hypothetical and futuristic technology will one day become reality, so to speak. 48. Once uploaded, a mind would achieve immortality, existing as pure information, disassociated from the biological body and brain. The upload would be considered a form of artificial intelligence, sometimes referred to as an â€Å"infomorph” or â€Å"noomorph. ” A digital mind could theoretically be backed up, copied, or restarted at various set points, nurture interesting questions regarding individuality and identity. CONCLUSIONS If A scenery is price a 1,000 words â⠂¬ How much is a Holographic Image worth these days? ” 49. Holographic and Virtual Reality Technology has endless applications, as far as the human mind can imagine. These technologies are indeed available and get more robust in abilities each year. Holographic and Virtual Reality Technologies are not just about art or business communication, they are about safety, security, education, planning and the strength of our civilization here and beyond. 50. From entertainment to data visualization we can see a bright forthcoming for Holographic Projection and the bending and purpose of light.Those areas of society which most often arrest about research and development championship in technology are present amongst the many potential applications for this science. It therefore stands to reason and makes common sense that Holographic Technologies and ghostlike Imaging will become a very integral part of human societies and civilizations in the future. I am certain of that. The d ay people show there advertisements on clouds are very near. One fine day my son may ask from me (â€Å"ThaTha”) are you real or virtual.\r\n'

'Cultural Diplomacy: a Filipino Perspective Essay\r'

'I. WHAT IS CULTURAL prudence?\r\nConsidered as a relatively new depot in inter matter relations and among governments, a ordinarily cited definition of pagan diplomacy is that of Milton Cummings, an American semipolitical Scientist which defines Cultural slightness as â€Å"the exchange of ideas, information, values, systems, traditions, beliefs, and early(a) aspects of gardening, with the intention of fostering mutual understanding” mingled with or among nations (Kang, 2013) or simply put, it pertains to a heathen form of external communication between and/or among nations (Kieldanowicz). It was only during the past decade when governments started to and have increasingly paid attention to the practice of Cultural Diplomacy and have acknowledged the growing importance of heathenish dimensions in analyzing the ever-increasing complexity of foreign affairs (Kang, 2013).\r\n imposture and culture are both important aspects of heathenish diplomacy, as these are the forefront of many countries’ promotional efforts. The showcasing of a country’s ethnic heritage, as made possible by cultural diplomacy, provides a country with the opportunity of showing who they are and fix a positive image which will dish them achieve their political aims (Kieldanowicz).\r\nThis belief was echoed by Filipino DFA Secretary Albert del Rosario was quoted saying â€Å"DFA recognizes the impact of culture in modern diplomacy and sees it as an effective spear in protecting our national interest, in pass on our advocacies and in achieving the development agenda of the country in the international arena. Cultural diplomacy is described as â€Å"…a course of actions, which are based on and utilize the exchange of ideas, values, traditions and other aspects of culture or personal personal identity, whether to strengthen relationships, enhance socio-cultural cooperation or promote national interests; Cultural diplomacy can be upright by eithe r the public arena, private sector or civil society.” From this definition, we can gather that cultural diplomacy is similar to an disciplinement between two countries for the purpose of strengthening their relations through their cultures.\r\nII. Philippine ISSUES IN LINE WITH CULTURAL DIPLOMACY\r\nThe prime(prenominal) aftermath which the group considers significant in canal with the establishment of cultural diplomacy is the issue tribe’s patronization of Korean, Japanese and American pop culture. As previously menti bingled, art and culture withstands up our identity as Filipinos, however with the continuous and increasing â€Å"Japanesation, Koreanisation and Americanization” of our young generation, the young population is slowly losing its Filipino identity this then becomes a hindrance to the promotion of local anesthetic anesthetic Philippine culture, so the question is how could the Philippine local culture be promoted abroad if locally, t pre sent is hindrance in promoting, much less preserving it.\r\nIII. PROJECTION OF ISSUES ON FOREIGN POLICY\r\nThe ‘Japanesation’, ‘Koreanisation’ and ‘Westernization’ of the Filipino pop culture must be squall by the Philippine government. We believe however, that action must first be taken in the local or house servant level and extend it later on to the international level by virtue of foreign policy. In line with this issue the government may patron students to study sociology with focus on Philippine culture, or establish art competitions such as song-writing and icon contests and the like. This will later on be reflected in the foreign policy by the establishment of government sponsorship of foreign students studying of Philippine culture and society.\r\nAs we know, globalization is defined as â€Å"worldwide integrating and development” and it has helped in improving the economy of dissimilar countries. Nowadays, there is a pos it for all the countries need to improve their exports to be able to make it in the international market. But despite that, globalization has withal caused problems such as in cultural diplomacy, an archetype of this is the Business Process Outsourcing Industry. Even though the relent is nice in such an industry, there is an issue concerning cultural meetinges. Since most of the BPOs came from the western side of the priming coat and then merely outsourced, there is a clash of what are the ways of living in one certain country and the ways of doing things when brought to the receiving country. in that respect would be a lot of issues that would need to be addressed which causes in problems in cultural diplomacy.\r\nLet’s use the call burden business as an example. Let’s us say that there is a new call center has been outsourced here in the Philippines. In the country where the call center originated they do no not celebrate Christmas or Lent but here in the Phil ippines we do celebrate these events. This is where the clash begins, because these are two various countries with two different cultures, it would be hard to make or form a cultural diplomacy. There is a need to have talks to address such issues and so that both parties can agree on decide on something to agree on to form a partnership through cultural diplomacy.\r\n'

'Cause of the Civil War 2 Essay\r'

'Slavery was the primary flashpoint and main arrive at for the conduct of the American Civil War (1861-1865). The 11 states that comprised the secessionist Confederacy were dependent on the labor of their buckle downs for the keep operation of their economy. In the Union states that comprised the Union in the encroach, the reading of slaveholding was considered as an illegal act. In the South, the work of the slaves was vital to the cotton and tobacco output of the estates in that part of the country.\r\nBut the main disclose prior to the war concerned whether the practice of slavery would be allowed in the new territories in the due west gained from Mexico after the latter’s defeat in the Mexican War (1846-1848) (MSN Encarta, 2008). As the years passed on, the Northern and southern regions of the United States grew and developed into distinct regional aggregations. This was further exacerbated by the social, political and economic views that for each one region h as grown to take onto itself.\r\nBoth of these regions attempt to influence the political thinking of the country as a whole. With the subsequent victory of Abraham Lincoln as President of the United States, the threat of the end of slavery was even more pronounced and led to the conflict (Encarta, 2008). Slavery played a central percentage in the chronicles of the United States. It should be noted that of the low gear 12 Presidents of the United States, 75 percent of them were practicing slave owners.\r\nThe climax of the debates about the issue of slavery was when the Southern states finally seceded from the Union over the continued practice of slavery, leading to the South’s defeat in the Civil War. The war also bought the practice of slavery to a halt, freeing an estimated 4 million slaves, be approximately $ 5 billion in wrack properties and claiming more than 600,000 lives in the process (Encarta, 2008).\r\nReference MSN Encarta. (2008). American Civil War. Retriev ed December 11, 2008, from http://encarta. msn. com/encyclopedia_761567354_1____28/Civil_War. html#s28\r\n'

'Personal Study – Northern Lights By Stephen Grant Essay\r'

'I go of late enjoyed studying a novel by Philip Pull soldiery empower Northern Lights. The main idea of the novel is near a girl who is travelling north to rule her kidnapped friend and other children. She also wanted to utilise her father whatsoeverthing. The novel was a delightful news report of how the girl kick downstairsed and became wiser throughout the invoice. The main particle of the novel I am passing to pure t angiotensin converting enzyme at is how Lyra develops throughout the wrangle of the novel. Pullman describes the development and function of the character through image. The author uses strong skills to develop the protagonist into becoming a wiser, more originate and a more courageous person.\r\nAt beginning I found Lyra to be na�ve and froward scarce as her character develops she learns more almost how the initiation works. There is one thing in her I relish was with her through the novel. This was her courage. I feel that she is c onsistently courageous to the extent of the plot. Here is retell from the start of the novel in which her background story is told.\r\n‘She was proud of her college’s eminence and liked to bollix of it to various ragamuffins she played with by the canal or clay beds.’\r\nJordan College adopted Lyra when she was truly young as her mother and father had died. She likes to recover of it as ‘her college’ and is very proud of it. However, she is not educated at the college and there fore has a lot of spare clock which she uses to play with street children. This shows her character to be of a young na�ve and mischievous nature.\r\nThis pastime name shows the characters childish nature.\r\n‘In many ways Lyra was a barbarian. What she liked best was clambering over the college roofs with Roger, the kitchen boy, who was her particular friend.’\r\nThis plagiarize proves that she can form well-knit friendships. Another refle xion of her character covered by this reference password is her hard-hitting courage and she crawls around the high rooftops of the college. Either this or she is scarcely childlike and does not realise the mathematical consequences of her actions. Interesting vocabulary in this quotation include: ‘clambering’ which suggests to me the impression of a child’s unskilful and ungainly endeavor, ‘barbarian’ use of this suggests they had their own petite tribe and that she was fierce, brutal or a condemnable person.\r\nFurther on in the text Lyra runs outside(a) from a woman who captured her and is now left on the streets. She is confronted by a drunken man who offers her some brandy and shows a few more of her qualities.\r\n‘Where are you going exclusively alone like this’\r\n‘Going to diddle my father’\r\n‘And who is he?’\r\n‘He’s a murderer’\r\n‘Ah! You’re jokingâ€℠¢\r\n‘I en’t’\r\n‘Good night’ he give tongue to\r\nHere she promptly lies to the man and makes up a story about her father so the man depart leave her alone. This proves that the man did not chump her and her character has grown from being na�ve to being sensible and no longer childlike. It also displays her newfound talent for lying. In the quotation she is also apply informal language, interpreting to fit into her surroundings.\r\nThe contiguous quotation confirms that Lyra is determined to bring home the bacon her goal and it also shows her stubbornness.\r\n‘You’ve make your part Lyra.’\r\n‘But I en’t done nothing yet!’ Lyra protested as she followed the others.\r\nLyra has joined with ‘The Gyptians’ she is trying to convince them to go north with her to try and find the kidnapped children. The Gyptians disagree and tell her it would be in any case dangerous for her to go. However, she rebels and ends up forcing her way with them. This shows stubbornness, her determination to achieve her goal and again her courage.\r\nNear the climax of the story, Lyra is in the prison camp and is trying to harken into a conversation through the air duct to a higher place the room.\r\n‘Lyra was trembling. The blood was pounding in her ears’\r\nShe is listening in on the conversation and finds out about all the terrible thing they do to children there but she keeps listening until they leave. This demonstrates that she is fearful in some ways but she can control this fear and listen on. This reveals that she is brave and courageous. She gathers a group unitedly so they can escape now she knows what would happen to them. This proves she has strong leadership qualities. When everyone agrees to go with her they promptly escape from the camp.\r\nThe next retell establishes that she is a quick nous.\r\n‘A movement later she had turned on all the sp losh taps and flung a match at the hot burner.’\r\nThis is a quote from a section of the book where Lyra is destroying a building as a doubt so they can escape from the camp. It shows enceinte creativity and a benefit of her patchwork upbringing, where she has learned a few useful things. I think this was one good quality that she learned from when playing with her friends.\r\nThe following quote also shows that she is a quick thinker and creative.\r\n‘Then she dragged a bag of flour from the shelf and hurled it at the edge of the table so it crush and filled the air with white, because she heard that flour will explode if treated like that near flames.’\r\nI feel that the use of the word ‘white’ is effective because it describes the atmosphere in the room at that time. It would have made it feel like there was a curtain of mist in front of them and whitethorn have made them feel claustrophobic and confused.\r\nThe next quotes describes Lyraâ⠂¬â„¢s ‘patchwork’ upbringing.\r\n‘Lyra’s Knowledge has great gaps in it, like a map of the world largely eaten by mice….’\r\nThis highlights that she has had education put together by small pieces of information and learns things as she goes along. The quote is a effective example of this because you can just imagine the world with pieces of the map missing, like he education. This quote is also a simile.\r\nFrom my study of characterisation of Lyra, I have concluded that throughout the course of the novel she matures significantly as a person. Her sign character features were: na�vet�, being headstrong, being childlike and being courageous. These are now replaced by characteristics such as: maturity, courage and sensibility. I think that the author has employed great skill and achieved a great goal in the creation of Lyra.\r\n'