HST130SP4 The Fall of the Roman Republic 1000words Paper Essay

HST130SP4 The Fall of the Roman Republic 1000words Paper - Essay Example269). Although these two statesmen were innate(p) in different eras and had different family backgrounds, both had marked similarities of thoughts and values aside from being novus homo or new man, along with Cicero. A novus homo is a Roman who got take to the position of consul, the highest elected position in Rome then, even without having ascendants who were themselves consuls (Mellor 1999 p 40).One similar trait between Cato and Marius was their anti-Hellenistic attitudes. To Cato the Greeks body forth material indulgence which was abhorrent to most Roman aristocrats. Cato who also held the position of a censura, the highest Roman magistrate, rung against Romans who took to wearing Greek dresses, visited the gymnasium and imitated the hedonistic way of Greek lifestyle. Similarly, Marius looked down on Greeks as militarily inferior and refused to learn the Greek literature on the ground that it was ridiculo us to learn from teachers who were subjugated by another people (Isaac 2006 pp 387-388). In addition, both men were ambitious although Marius was a little bit overambitious, as can be gleaned from the way they lived their lives, running for the consulship position after serving in wars, with Marius having been elected for sevensome times. Both are driven men Cato in accumulating riches through accumulation of agricultural estates, and Marius for eminence in warfare and politics (Humphrey 2006 pp 137-138 Boatwright, et al 2004 p172).In addition, the fact that both men were able to leave themselves voted to the highest elected position, the first in their families, attest to their ambitious nature. Statesmen who rose to prominence on their own without the saddle horse of contractable nobility are examples of the ideology of novitas, a principle espoused by the likes of Cato, Marius and Cicero. The ideology put violence on personal valor rather than on the standard Roman aristocr atic principle of ancestral right. Romans that

Standard, Ethics and Copyright Investigation Essay

Standard, Ethics and Copyright Investigation - Essay ExampleThe ISTE defined standards depend totally aligned with this old saying. According to the standards, the teachers be expected to use their cognitive content knowledge to recommend the students for acquirement. Their task is to inculcate critical thinking in their students in order to make them observe, understand and lick real world problems. The teachers should work as facilitators and should guide the students throughout as supervisors, mentors or learning participant. The judging is an integral part of learning. The results always encourage good students to move forward and keep up their pace. To survey the student correctly in a qualitative manner is the most difficult task for a teacher. The ISTE expects a teacher to get engaged in the Designing of Assessment procedure using the tools of digital age. The teachers are not only expected to deliver to the students but they are also expected to incessantly engage i n self improvement. Administrators are expected to create and support an environment and culture that supports digital learning. Ning is a social network for the promotion of Digital Learning. It provides the ISTE members mean to get connected for the cause and to make out the knowledge round the year. Topic Two NETS-S (National Educational Technology Standards for Students) Students are the main product of ISTE. They are expected to exhibit innovative and critical thinking, to show team work, to use the digital media effectively for learning, and to award the conceptual knowledge of the engineering. NETS.T comprises of the standards of teaching that are expected to be complied by the teachers under ISTE. Topic leash Ohio Technology Standards According to the Seven Standards The teachers are expected to understand the learning capacity of students and the difference of lineament must be considered positively. teachers are expected to have a complete grip on the subject they are r esponsible to teach. Teachers must ensure that the students they are teaching are learning. this should be done through deploying the assessment mechanisms. Lectures must be planned and effective. Teachers are expected to create and promote appealing learning environment. Teachers are expected to have good communication of students learning with the related entities same(p) Administrators and Parents etc. Teacher must adhere to their own professional growth practices. These standards are not difficult to be followed. some(prenominal) the standards that are ISTE and Ohio seem equally good. Ohio seems more organized. Topic Four Ohio ETech Office and Programs Ohio ETech Conference is a monolithic conjecture of over 6500 technology innovators that gather once in a year. The year 2012s congregation is expected to be held from 13-15 Feb 2012. This conference is conducted in Ohio only once in a year. It is the opportunity for technology innovators and enthusiasts to present their ideas and innovations in front of their peers. E Tech offers a number of distant learning and opposite technology based and technology related courses. These include telecommunity and mathematics just to name a few. topical anaesthetic education agencies are the sources of money/grants for etech from Ohio teachers. Topic five Ethics or Netiquette AUP acceptable Use Policy. AUP is like a code of conduct that has been set for students. It is a law constructed to guide students so as to enable them to be aware of what actions can they perform over the internet and what actions they cannot. It specifically consists of a definition, a constitution statement, an acceptable use section, an unacceptable use section and a sanctions sections. As the names of its parts paint a picture it also contains the sanctions that can be promulgated if violations of its conducts occur. Online safety for students is concerned with the fact that they should not reveal

Follow the attachment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

honour the attachment - Essay ExampleIt is about a court ruling in Europe that only social networks sites should install monitoring programs to avoid internet piracy. The denomination goes against the ruling saying that the step is ill-treat and illegal. The article was compiled by Don Reisinger. The other article is Car tech from the category of Reviews. It is composed by Cunnington Wayne.The article is, 2012 Honda CR AN exercise in moderation (CNET.com). Wayne says that the car keeps many of its values intact do it a popular small SUV car. However, the car never takes the advantages of the animated new opportunities to make it better or improve its quality. With the existing earth dream initiative, Honda is developing other efficient engines compared to the current engines. The next article from reviews is about the new tablets and some coolest gadgets. The article title is Incredible light, superfast laptop computers (CNET.com). It talks about a laptop which is ultra takeou t in nature. The laptops are of all pieces, as well as, operating systems. However, all of them are easily portable compared to other brands. The last article is from the Mac Software in the downloads category. The title of the article is With Mountain Lion, apple brings iOS and OS X a big step closer (CNET.com).The article is posted by Kent German. OS X also has ability to unify the experience of the user while adding new and unique earnest protection.Technology is genuinely important to piece life in several aspects. However, not all the existing technological tools are healthy or safe to human use. We do understand that these innovations are very crucial for human survival in different areas of life including hospitals, as well as confused matriculation institutions. In the first case, the article talks of a machine that will make human work easier than before by aiding in the management of different electrical appliances. The article does not

Media Study Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Media reputation Assignment - Essay ExamplePrimary journalistic beats and comparison with other reports The stories covered in the newspaper are mostly issue-centric related to public cause and the role of the politicians in improving the legitimate scenario like divert Ann-Arbor, Ann-Arbor City Council Candidates Discuss Public Safety. It also covered news on some exclusive events and developments in the university campus like Hundreds of E-mails Spam Students on U List serve. The composition of the newspaper seems to have ample material to grab the interest of the readers. In comparison, another student newspaper THE free-and-easy OF THE UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON mainly focused on stories related to the university campus like Campus Watch Guns on College Campuses, A Catwalk to Education. The difference between the two is in their unique style of presentation and layout. THE MICHIGAN DAILY seems to have two segments of stories. The ones related to Ann-Arbor community are themat ic as they are issue establish and the others about the campus are episodic as they are event based. But the other daily covers stories that in general revolve around information about the university activities. Therefore the stories are mainly episodic as severally one records a specific action. In way of presentation THE MICHIGAN DAILY seems to hold a neutral stand and opts for a non-committal role whereas THE DAILY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON seems to be more direct in its approach and tone. The news fiction and the four information biases The story that I have chosen for my abbreviation is Occupy Ann-Arbor from THE MICHIGAN DAILY. The article is the follow-up of the article Occupy Wall Street by the same(p) writer and discusses about the protest movement undertaken by the common people of Ann-Arbor against the politicians for protecting the rights of the common people. The occasion for selecting this particular beat is that it reflects the four information biases mentio ned by Lance Bennett. The article starts with the lines In the middle of Occupy Ann Arbors assembly on the Diag last night, University alum Matt Bussey asked the crowd of about two hundred students and Ann Arbor residents to take out their cell phones and call U.S. Rep. John Dingell (DMich.). The effect is clearly one of dramatization. The story is captured right in the middle of an extremely provoking action. Throughout the article the focus has been on maintaining the lavishly drama quotient by the use of action words, direct quotations and criticizing remark. But drama does not seem pick out without the involvement of some personality and a collision with authority. This explains the attempt to personalize the story by referring to characters and at same time making an implication towards authority-disorder. In this article people like Whitney Miller and Luciana Sabgash who were composite with the movement are directly quoted. Sabgashs disappointment with the system is convey ed in her words I voted for no(prenominal) of this. I voted for change and saw all the same. Most of the readers would share the same feeling and immediately attach with the story. The disgruntled attitude of the common people towards the political rulers is the bottom line of the article. The authority-disorder bias underpins the entire argument. though the

Buyer behaviour and market research 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Buyer behaviour and market research 2 - Essay Exampleive of the management and stakeholders to delay there is a clear channel of communication and distribution of resources among all departments to avoid blame fracture thus enhance quick supervision. Societies expect companies to adhere to forces of mindset in order to build boldness within clients fraternity thus make stock turn over efficient and effective. Therefore, business prosperity largely relies on buyer behavior and market research.Business environment is paramount for successful fat-tracking of customer satisfaction and feed-back. Creation of stable working conditions and tranquil mindsets enable personnel produce quality products. bully environment can be observed through engaging dialogue and mutual organization of activities for instance, trading customers who complain. Behavioral and psychological mindsets among customers influence management decision making. Decisions should accommodate views and opinions of all employees and buyers irrespective of social, economic, and political affiliation. acceptable relations are aimed at reducing acrimony in work place that may casing inefficiency in production of goods and services.Customer satisfaction factors for instance, assessing competitor, market survey, product specification, expectation, and admitting to failure help firms understand customers with ease. Conversely, microeconomic variables for example, stakeholder decisions, decision making, change of production techniques, and pricing of goods and services adversely lead to increase or come of customer walk-ins. Segmentation is a strategy that is set to divide consumers into groups within a target market. option products greatly influence the nature of marketing to undertake because it provides customers with a better option when companys goods and services are not appealing. Similarly alternatives create a boundary of differentiation between each(prenominal) companys goods and service s. This helps in guiding potential and new customers to the

Publick Speaking and Me Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Publick Speaking and Me - see Examplewell thought-out, purposeful way in order to inform, influence, or entertain the audience and it requires the stiff use of language, voice, volume, mettle contact, gestures, conversational style, and visual aids.As public public speaking has become a rattling alpha activity in the contemporary social contexts, the formal training of the various techniques of public speaking is essential. One can be effectively trained in the use of voice, volume, gestures, posture, conversational style, nonverbal dialogue, projection, eye contact etc. The technical training in contributeing the tone, vocal flexibility, the formation of words, making the point, indicating values and relations, expressing feelings, demo the picture, and expression by action etc can help one in effectively making a public speaking and the training of these technical elements has influenced my skill in public speaking. The utility of gestures, postures, and nonverbal communi cation is fundamental in expression by action and proper training is required.Similarly, presenting the theme of the speech effectively to the audience is one of the basic elements determining the success of public speaking. For this, the speaker requires proper preplanning and research slightly the topic to be dealt with. Organization of the content in a logical order is also important to convey the message effectively to the audience. Therefore, the speaker should be well prepared with his topic and be positive(p) to present it in a logical manner.One of the basic intension of every speech is judgment and the speaker should be able to convey his ideas through the effective use of language, vocal flexibility with penny-pinching tone and volume, nonverbal communication, posture, gesture, conversational style etc. An audience-centered attitude is also essential for the speaker to be effective and the feelings of the audience should be given great priority. The speakers eye-contac t with the audience is fundamental to establish

Comparative Study of Different Bibliographical Sources for the Sonata Annotated Bibliography

Comparative Study of Different Bibliographical Sources for the Sonata by Paul Creston - Annotated Bibliography ExampleAccording to Groves dictionary (33), personal initiative leads to creativity in sonata as illustrated by Paul Creston who took piano and organ lessons. Rhythm usher out form the basis of a style in sonata, and the more performances an artist initiates in sonata, the more accolades and awards he receives. Paul Creston engaged aplomb romantic compositions in enticing his sonata performances (Groves dictionary 33). In the sixties and seventies most stimulate and styles in sonata is attributed to Paul Creston. In turn, the society gave him a role to play in influencing sonata music. His performances involved fracture divisions of the normal meter, which was widely acknowledge and appreciated in America. Crestons decision on 1932 had significant usurpation on sonata music. This is evident in the developments in the last century. Groves dictionary (34), states that ano ther performing artist who was a music teacher and influenced sonata historically thus, Marcus van Cravel.According to Slomski (8), benefits of loving in sonata early in life to enhance creativity in this style of music are evident. Early participation can influence performance in sonata as evident in engaging in social duties. Slomski (97) asserts that engaging in several activities before establishing oneself in sonata often improves other music genres. Like other kit and boodle of literature, Monica Slomski supports that exemplary works of sonata are disputable worldwide. Slomski (143) cites a case whereby outstanding performance in sonata take in Paul Creston awards in the orchestral field. This book in line with other literary sources highlights the importance of perseverance towards achieving individual goals in performing sonata. Personal attributes such as hard work is to be utilised to achieve recognition for music activities especially sonata. This source elaborates th e ways through which sonata enhances fame. Sonatas background on tone and orchestral characteristics in most

Police pursuits Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Police pursuits - Essay Examplee inability to control pursuits resulting in problems to the public have become a common phenomena and it is high snip that clearcut tactics, legislation and policies are formulated and executed in this regard. The question is whether the police pursuits add to public credential or public misery. The moral question is whether the benefits derived from a successful chase would compensate for the concomitant encounter to public health and safety.Lack of applicable standards to regulate whether the police pursuit was for the right cause or to prove that the police officers have not shown both neglect of duty of care is the major drawback related to to police pursuits. The policy pursuits very often result in liabilities for accidents, or litigation for injury to own(prenominal) and property. Viola king in this regard remarks that ...officer liability in police pursuits arises only when the police fomite actually impacts the other vehicles. (King, Vi ola.)Thus, it is clear that the police do not have to take the liability for any accidents which are not directly caused due to their pursuits. But the officers have to be judicious enough to decide and employ high speed chases only when it is necessary. If the police ask a speeding car to can and it doesnt, it is puff up within the officers jurisdiction to pursue it. The high rate of crashes, injuries and deaths during police pursuits has not set a positive note for the department from the public. In a survey conducted by gutter Hill, it was found that, by and large, the public did not want to be passerby during high speed pursuits. Although 58 % of them felt that it was morally right for the officer to stop a speeding vehicle, and if the vehicle did not stop, it was well within their right to chase it. But when the question came as to whether the officer was justified in bouncy pursuit if it involved danger to public health and safety, the proportion who justified police pursu it, dropped from over 58 % to just 29%. (Karen, J.

Cross Platform Mobile and Web Widgets installation Thesis

Cross program Mobile and tissue Widgets installation - Thesis Examplere has been a need of a model that could allow for node-based cross-platform widgets or application, thus removing restrictions imposed by master of ceremonies and allowing for more powerful web applications or widgets to be used by a website user.In this research, an attempt has been made to develop a client-based good example that can allow a web widget to be installed and run on any client platform, thus allowing the web widget to modify and display the information sent by the web advertr in a way that is more comprehensible and productive to the user.As part of this research, a trope framework has been successfully developed for Android operating system. This framework consists of three components which are the micro engine, the accompaniment Hook and the browser plug-in. Dalvik VM for the Android operating system has been modified to run on an x86 architecture system. It is past utilized to run the we b widget or application making it accessible for the user from at bottom the browser.The successfully development and demonstration of the framework shows that client-based multi-platform applications or widgets are certainly possible. The framework itself is a first, since no attempts to develop such type of framework were made. Hence, it is expected that this research will open up a new area for web widget development and form the basis of a large build of future researches.Computer-mediated communication and decision-making applications for teams are extremely varied and ubiquitous, ranging from e-mail to shared bulletin boards for classrooms to remote conferencing. As the potential to put these applications onto the Web becomes better exploited, computer-mediated communication and coordination of teams of individuals will become even more widespread. Although the Web is normally thought of as an individual-to-mass form of communication, it actually has a great deal of potentia l to serve team collaboration. This is largely due to the cross-platform nature of Web design.

Does Silver Alloy Coated Foley Catheters Reduce Urinary Catheter Research Paper

Does Silver Alloy Coated Foley Catheters skip Urinary Catheter Infections - Research Paper ExampleThe use of catheters causes one of the most common health associated infections and is cognize as CAUTI or Catheters Associated Urinary Tract Infections. As CAUTI can deteriorate into a serious condition, rub steps have to be taken to minimize it in the hospital environment as well as in other settings. One of the steps that are being carried out is the use of Foley catheters cover with specie medal alloy. These catheters, when use as subroutine of indwelling catheterization, are said to reduce CAUTI sizably. Although other studies leaven that it provides only negligible positive results. So, this paper after analyzing six journal articles, its purpose, its results, strengths and weaknesses, will discuss whether silvery alloy cover Foley catheters reduces UTI. The article, Audit of catheter-associated UTI using silver alloy- cover Foley catheters written by Coral Seymour discus ses the advantages of using the silver alloy-coated Foley catheter in reducing the threat of CAUTI in an acute general hospital. As part of the study, even onwards the use of silver alloy coated Foley catheters, the standard catheters were used for 10 weeks on particular patients and the preponderance of CAUTI was audited. Silver alloy-coated Foley catheters there were introduced among 117 newly catheterized patients, and they were monitored for signs of CAUTI for another 10 weeks. Then the results were audited and analyzed, and it clearly emerged that CAUTI incidence rate has decrease by 20%. Although, the period of 10 weeks for monitoring may seem little short to fully analyze the course of UTI, the fact that emerged is silver alloy-coated Foley catheters proved to be cost-effective given the recognized supererogatory costs of CAUTI and prolonged in-patient stay (Seymour, 2006). The article, A prospective, controlled, randomized study of the effect of a slow-release silver gim mick on the frequency of urinary tract infection in newly catheterized patients was authored by Reiche et al., and it focuses on the faculty of silver ions releasing systems including silver alloy coated Foley catheters regarding CAUTI. The study focused on 213 patients as part of a prospective controlled randomized trial. At the end of the trial, the authors state that there were reductions in UTI among subjects, who either used antibacterial devices like the Unometer 400 metering system or PP 2000N closed urine-bag system, as well as coated Foley catheter. However, the limitation with this study is, the difference between infection and non-infection in the subjects were not statistically significant (P 0.05). In addition, the authors come to the conclusion that modifications to the Foley catheters and the urine-collecting systems in the form of silver coating and silver releasing may kick in positive results, care should be taken to block the internal and external pathways of i nfection. In the article, The efficacy of silver alloy-coated urinary catheters in preventing urinary tract infection a meta-analysis written by Sanjay Saint et al. discusses most the effectiveness of not only silver alloy coated Foley catheters, but also silver oxide coated ones as well. Instead of conducting trials directly, published or unpublished articles were sought using MEDLINE, reference review, and correspondence with original authors, catheter manufacturers,

Perfume Fragrances Online. Online Cosmetics Retailer Essay

Perfume Fragrances Online. Online Cosmetics Retailer - Essay faceThe company being established is a new player in spite of appearance the online retailing community, and more specifically operating within the cosmetics, perfume and fragrances sector of this retail market. The company is newly established and is focussing on the internet platform for a number of reasons including but not limited to the substantial reduction of overheads, base on the fact that retail venues, shops and locations are not specifically required to generate income for the company. In appendix to this the company has identified a number of key issues, specifically within the online marketing, and search engine optimization fields that stand to benefit the company in boosting online sales via strategic brand marketing within the various products that ordain be sold via the online store.The brand of Perfume Fragrances Online will operate on a skeleton administrative staff, which includes staff for the pro cessing of orders, based upon their wholesale accounts and contracts with established cosmetic companies, which do and will continue to provide drop ship services to Perfume Fragrances Online customers. This concept drastically reduces staff complements, and fecal matter realize a more significant contribution towards the marketing and brand strategy budget.This brand way strategy can be seen as focused entirely upon the internet opportunities that currently exist, and to this end the legion(predicate) platforms, such as social media marketing, pay per click and search engine optimization techniques and processes will be implemented in establishing the online presence of the company within the defined sectors and targeted segments of online users.

Micro Economics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Micro Economics - demonstrate ExampleProfit is the difference between the total revenue obtained from sales and the total cost incurred by the firm.In the long- speed the decisions taken would be only exit decisions. Exit decisions are decisions taken by a firm to leave the market. They are not called as Shut-down decisions. Shut-down is only in the short- elapse. Long run equilibrium plays a crucial role in deciding the existence of the firm. In the long run there are enough time periods for the firm to cover its losses and attract normal profits. This is because in the long run, all inputs are variable and the firm stinker have the most profitable train of output i.e. the profit maximization level of output.(B) In the recent years, the business travel market has seen a tremendous change with respect to the airline industry. Changes in demand for leisure travel include to a greater extent short term breaks and more independent holidays where passengers playscript flights, car a nd accommodation by themselves. The reason for the step-down in business class travel is the supply led high business fares which stretched the so called dead business class segment and also he expansion of low cost airlines.2. Price discrimination can be defined as the method of charging different sets for essentially the akin good to different buyers. There are three types of Price discrimination. They are, first, second and third degree discrimination.First-degree discrimination - This is the most original form of discrimination in which each consumer is charged the maximum price he would be unbidden to pay for each individual unit consumed. This kind of discrimination can be noticed in the healthcare industry where doctors charge different fees from different patients.Second-degree price discrimination - This is a more applicatory form of price discrimination. Here firms charge a different price for each set of units sold. unlike prices are charged for different blocks or portions of consumption. This kind of price discrimination is followed in the power and telecommunication industry. The reason behind this is the prices are based on the quantities of output purchased by individual consumers. By doing so, the firms can profit as the quantities used or consumed vary from individual to individual and hence if there is a high consumption by a particular consumer, there is a chance for the firm to earn more profits. Third-degree price discrimination - This is the most common form of price discrimination. Consumers or markets are segmental on the basis of their price elasticity of demand. Often, third-degree price discrimination occurs in the markets that are geographically separated. oppositeness example, books published by American publishers are sold in other countries at a overthrow price than in the U.S. Evidently, buyers in the other countries have greater elasticity of demand that US buyers. At the same time, the high shipping costs makes it unprofitable for firms to buy in foreign countries and resell in the join States.(B) Whenever we travel, is it a train or a flight, it is noticed that adults are charged a different price for the ticket and children are charged a different price. Other similar price discrimination in the same context is that rails some have rail cards entitling them to discounts others do not. It is cheaper for people who book in advance. This

Why do many managers prefer that their employees work in teams Essay

Why do some managers prefer that their employees work in teams - Essay ExampleManagers of a majority of companies across the world desire and decide that their employees should work in teams because they think teamwork will improve efficiency and make the employees more satisfied. and from the research done so far and from the results obtained from the experiments of teamwork in companies, it is clear that teamwork need not necessarily verbalize the outcomes that managers envisage. The problems in teamwork arise from it being something that involves humans who have different perceptions on one matter. Also it is really difficult to ensure equal opportunity in a team where talents at different levels propel together. The hierarchy inside a team is also problematic. It is in this context that it is argued that teamwork is not delivering. At the analogous time, the proponents of teamwork have drawn attention to the successful outcomes that teamwork has brought about. History of t eamwork Managers consider teamwork as a motivating reckon and this was why GenXers of America were introduced with teamwork in their work places, which was a first time corporate reform of its cast (Appelbaum, Serena and Shapiro, 2004, 12). It was supposed to give more personal responsibility to them (Appelbaum, Serena and Shapiro, 2004, 12). It was also understood as originating from the GenXers search for virtuoso of belonging (Appelbaum, Serena and Shapiro, 2004, 12). There have been many approaches in understanding and defining teamwork. It was initially observed that with teamwork, certain management objectives like, positive attitude, risk-taking, individual and group responsibility and supportiveness have been achieved albeit very unevenly (Findlay et al., 2000, 1567). By projecting the results of the small experiments of teamwork to a wider canvas, better productivity and more positive employee attitudes and behavior were expected of work-teams (Kirkman, Jones and Shapir o, 2000). some other viewpoint also emerged which saw teamwork as a function of employee self-aggrandizement by allowing the employees to make decisions in a creative manner (Ivancevich, n.d., 198). All these discussions, though defines teamwork differently, show how much value that new genesis managements put in teamwork. Has employees welcomed teamwork ? There has been mixed response from the side of employees towards teamwork. One interesting criticism against teamwork has been that the employees were initially bewitched into teamwork rather than being logically convinced (McCabe, 2000, 209). only this argument is in a way, unsuccessful because it agrees that employees have been accepting teamwork. By introducing teamwork, managements were trying to convince the employees that they were entering a new and more egalitarian cultural ambience (McCabe, 2000, 209). But later employees could not but see the inconsistencies in this management position. But if employees are disillus ioned with teamwork as its critics say, then the question arises why teamwork has become such a cunning phrase in management. Another allegation that though the employees value teamwork as positive, employees are protective of fond difference within their ranks (Findlay et al., 2000, 22). But it has to be kept in mind that the employees have been used to the loving hierarchies involved with the conventional management structure, for very long. Hence, to argue that they would be rebelling against a less hierarchical attitude is highly illogical. Does teamwork, really work? Why? The commonsense promoted at managerial levels of organizations that teamwork is beneficial to employees and it will get up productivity is found to be only partially true by researchers (McCabe, 2000 Findlay et al, 2000). Findlay et al. (2000) have been critical

Atitudes and perceptions of coaches on disabled people Essay

Atitudes and perceptions of coaches on dis commensurated great deal - Essay casefuliterature Review was conducted using the search engines Infotrac and Science Direct and by reviewing the books in the libraries of the National deterioration Authority (NDA). An internet search was carried out using the search engines, Google Scholar and Ask Jeeves. The paper starts by talking about the difference experiences that people with disability experience, then it goes ahead to touch on their experiences in the world of sports, self esteem issues are also reflected on the literary works review and finally the literature review concludes by touching on the social and physical environmental factors that determine how the disabled are treated. The paper ends by analyzing the literature and evaluation of the collected dataStudy design the study was a retrogressive form of study that involved looking back at already done research and published temporal. Systematic approach has been chosen i n order to evaluate and critically analyze the attitudes and perceptions of coaches on disabled people. (Mulrow, Cook, & Davidoff, 1997 Murlow, 1994). It was decided due to the opportunity of having many finding together and still being able to evaluate on them.Study procedure The study was mainly done via desk research, whereby an only the review of literature sources was done. An overview of the methodology is shown below in diagram form. The Literature Review was done using the search engines such(prenominal)(prenominal) as Science Direct and by reviewing the literature in the university library. An internet sources were used whereby search engines, such as Google Ask.com, and Scholar was involved in the search. The key sentence Factors Influencing Perception and attitude of coaches towards disabled people was used in the different search engines to locate the required corporeal.Several criteria had to be established for the material to qualify in the study the research material had to be less than ten years old, the material that had content on the perception of disabled sports

College personal statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

College - Personal Statement Examplecaring and loving grandparents, I always longed for the nominal head of my throw parents and for a vitalitystyle where I would be able to drop off more time with them and share even little details of my day. My grandparents always ensured that my studies would not affected by the irregular working hours of my parents and taught me how to be focused towards the attainment of personal goals. The vacuum of the special bond with my parents neer do me bitter about life, rather it always proved to be a driving specialty for my existence to lead a different life than theirs.After I completed my high school, my parents move back to my city but it was too late for me to get close to them and nurture our relationship. One day, a fear that often came to my mind became a reality my parents asked me to join their business. My lonely childhood had already taught me that this decisiveness would not just be a choice of a career, rather a lifestyle that w ashbasin influence ones values and ideas due to its demanding nature. I declined their offer and decided to live my life on my own terms while standing on my own feet. Needless to state that their shipment to their business gave me a lifestyle and commendable opportunities to acquire education, however a balance should have been afflicted between work and personal life to provide their child with the things that money cannot buy.One of the facts that my life has made me believe is that family, friends, hopes and dreams do not accumulate to define us as much as what we do for a living. Everything can be influenced and changed by what we do in the real world to make our presence in the professional life. I aspire to get admission in your esteemed university and prove my own identity and existence which is free from other peoples ideologies. My independent childhood and focused imaging has taught me how to organize myself and achieve personal goals. Alongside earning the status of a reputable and successful professional, I expect to lead a family

Hamas, hezbolla and islamic jihad Essay Example for Free

Hamas, hezbolla and islamic jihad EssayHamas is an Moslem resistance movement create in 1987 to postulate for Palestinian occupy land of Gaza strip, West bank and east Jerusalem. However, its initial creation was to drop Israel and form a Palestinian Islamic say. It is extremely known for its suicide onslaughts and other violence against Israeli military facilities and civilians. Despite these, Hamas has performed various social, military and political activities having provided social and welfare services, such as schools and hospital facilities to Palestinians.It dedicates much of its funds to the welfare, cultural and educational services, which are meant to influence Palestinians so as get their incite in their military actions against Israeli. Most of these funds originated from OPEC countries such as Kuwait, Iran, and Saudi Arabia etc. Hezbollah or party of God is a political and paramilitary organization found in Lebanon. It was formed during the Lebanese civil warfare as the army of Shia followers and they were trained, organized and financed by Revolutionary Guards of Iran.Its main designate of creation was to put to an end Western colonialism, punish the phalaghists and develop a political Islamic ground in Lebanon. To many Western countries, it is considered a terrorist group after being connected to Beirut washouting in 1983, but to Arabian and Islamic countries it is viewed as an organization opposed to Western ideologies and policies. More so, it is highly popular in Lebanese and of them in punt of its activities as to them it is legitimate organization. It receives its training, financial and military support from Iran.The organization has its leaders in Lebanese Government, a radio station and a satellites television as well as social and welfare programs such as provision of health and educational facilities. In addition, it is deliberated to be one of the first Islamic groups to handling suicide bombing, assassination an d kidnapping of foreigners so that they grievances could be attended to but later on, they turned to military actions such as firing of missiles etc. Islamic Jihad refers to religious wars, which are declared by Muslims whenever they feel like their Islamic religion is being attacked or threatened.The Islamic groups or organizations have no big difference between them, as they were created to fight for certain grievances or policy changes those they felt inappropriate to the Islamic society. In most cases, they wage terrorist attacks and wars against their enemy without regard for the innocent citizens. They actions are out of desperation and bitterness, given the fact they have to rely on other Arabic and Islamic nations for military and financial support.Without these aid, they have no other way to let world know their grievances and that is why they have to use each and every opportunity to ensure that they smear is home, even if its suicide bombing. They differ in terms of the ir location, financial and military powers, and possibly, their grievances. For instance, Hezbollah is more aright in terms of its political, economic and social influence than Hamas, this can be attributed to the fact that it is highly useful in its tactics and its policies.The radical groups pose a very big danger to the United States, delinquent to the fact they have a well trained and organized network of their dedicated army strategically positioned waiting for any chance to hit the Americans. These has been portrayed clearly in their current effort to bomb United Kingdom, though one may believe that they are enmity is focused towards Israel. Nevertheless, the fact carcass that U. S. support is biased towards the Israelites hence the enmity.At the same time, Muslims believe in religious wars so to them war is part of their religion, hence when they kill a person in the name of protecting their religion they believe there is a reward. Lastly, the fact they are financed by ot her Islamic and Arabian countries implies that they have the center and the capabilities of attacking the U. S. For instance, Hezbollah was able to defeat Israel with the help of Iran out of Lebanon, and considering that, there is Muslim unity that it is plainly a matter of what believes.These forms their network which highly in detectable even with the most accurate observe gadget. Before any negotiations are made, there are several factors, which should be considered the inducement to commit a terrorist attack is highly determined by the result of a certain terrorist operation, hence the attack that has notably positive impact for the groups are highly and that is the only time when a negotiation is initiated.The Kurdish occupied territories of the Middle East came under the governance of indigenous Kurdish chiefs during the middle era, though they never formed a unified government. However, from 14th century the territories were incorporated to the Ottoman Empire. The incorpor ation of the Kurdish occupied regions of turkey of eastern Anatolia into turkey angered many Kurds and ended up in a long cart track war where many people lost their lives.There were major Kurdish conflict in the grunge and it was declared a no go zone for foreigners by Turkish authorities for its military use in the year 1925 and 1965. However, turkey first president undertook serious actions to have the Kurdish cultural and political activities, and this trend followed closely under his successors. For instance, a number of regions were put under martial law to curb the activities of Kurdistan workers party (PKK), and this resulted to severe violent guerilla warfare.This caused much of the country be evacuated and a number of Kurdish inhabited villages destroyed and various judicial execution carried out by both turkey and Kurdish. Since 1999, the state of affairs has cooled down with the abduction other PKK leader Abdullah Ocala, and with the European wedlock encouragement fo r official tolerance of Kurdish cultural actions. There are countries that have stake in the Kurdish, turkey and Iraq conflict. These include members of European Union and the western states like U. S, U. K. etc.

Cipd Recording Essay Example for Free

Cipd preserve EssayOrganisations need to collect selective information in order to comply with regulations such as marginal wage, carrying time directive, health and safety and even health and safety. 2) Keeping training and performance records on employees enables management to assess respective(prenominal) productivity and performance and allows them to help the employee reach there full likely and in turn increase productivity. dickens Types Of Data Collected and How Each Supports HR Pr ventureices 1) Statutory Records such as tax, national insurance contributions, sickness and SSP, hours worked and accident book. These types of records ensure that the HR department complies with all restrictive requirements 2) Organisational Records Such as Recruitment and Selection records, absence, staff turnover records, breeding and development records.These types of records argon indispensable for the HR department and allows them to monitor staffing levels and recruit when n ecessary, monitor staff sickness to ensure productivity is non being alter and also to if there is anything the organization can do to cut down on sickness levels and records to ensure that staff are maintaining a high level of efficiency through learning and development activities. Two Methods of storing records and benefits of each Manual System Filing Cabinet Files are easily companionable and doesnt require a computer to be turned on.Manual system cannot be affected by loss of power or hackers cannot access a manual filing system from otherwise computer Computerised System The benefits of a computerised filing system are numerous, and include reduced costs to the company, benefits to the environment, increase ease of sorting, finding, and moving documents. Another benefit is that it allows the office to operate in a smaller environment, because a great deal of space is not required for storing documents in a paper filing system. Two Essential Items of UK Legislation relati ng to Recording and Storing HR Data Data security operation 1998The Data Protection Act 1998 applies to most personnel records, whether held in paper or computerised format. Under the Data Protection Act, info must(prenominal) not be kept any longer than is necessary for a particular purpose. Computerised systems are covered by the law, as are certain manual systems to be covered, manual systems must be organised into a relevant filing system. Subject to certain exceptions as detailed in account 7 of the Data Protection Act, employees clear the right to access their records and the employer is under an obligation to ensure that the data is accurate.Before releasing such data to a third party, the employer must seek the permission of the individual concerned. The Information Commissioner has issued an Employment Practices Data Protection Code in four parts Part 1 Recruitment and selection Part 2 Employment records Part 3 Monitoring at work Part 4 Information about workers h ealth. In the event that employment contracts/accident record books and other personnel records are needed for the purpose of a legal action, the riginals must be made operable if possibleor the employer must explain what happened to the original documents backed up by what is known as a statement of truth.When employers really no longer need to keep certain data, destruction must take place securely and effectively, for example by shredding. license of Information Act (2000) NI The Freedom Of Information Act gives people the right to read any public body for information they have on any subject you choose. Also, unless theres a good reason, the organisation must provide the information at heart 20 working days.You can also lead for all the personal information it holds on you. The act applies to all public authorities including government departments and the Northern Ireland Assembly local authorities health trusts, hospitals and doctors surgeries schools, colleges and uni versities publically funded museums the police many other non-departmental public bodies, committees and advisory bodies Any person can make a request for information under the Act there is no restrictions on your age, nationality, or where you live.You can ask for any information at all but some information might be withheld to harbor various interests which are allowed for by the Act. If this is the case, the public authority must tell you why they have withheld information. If you ask for information about yourself, then your request will be handled under the Data Protection Act if you ask for information about other people (third parties), the Freedom of Information Act will apply. However, divine revelation of personal information which would breach anyone elses rights under the Data Protection Act is not permitted.

Dream of equal schooling Essay Example for Free

Dream of equal tameing EssayMr. Borsuk also strand that with the exception of the element of religion in the voucher schoolsan issue galore(postnominal) line up is a colza of the separation of church and state its the same story thats being played away in urban classrooms across Americaa story of poverty, limited resources, poor leadership and unkept families. (2006). Based on firsthand experience observations garnered from visiting each and every voucher school that would countenance it, Borsuk concluded that at least ten of the 106 schools visited appeared to lack the ability, resources, knowledge or will to offer children charge a mediocre education. most of these were led by individuals who had little to no background in running schools and no resources other than state payments. (Borsuk 2006). Nine of the voucher schools would not allow the reporters to observe their work, make one wonder why the secrecy? Like everything on earth, some bad must coiffure along wit h the good. Alexs Academics of Excellence happened to be a school begun by a convicted rapist, and kept on enrolling students even after allegations of drug use by staff on school grounds and a DAs investigation.Thankfully, Alexs, along with three others have closedas a result of orthogonal intervention, not due to parental outcry. Conservatives have focused on the undeniable problems in our public school systems as a reason for the voucher system. They say that the voucher system gives choice to parents and students, but in reality they are more(prenominal) interested in privatizing the schools, effectively removing them from public oversight and responsibility. (Special verifier 2000).The alternate to the voucher system would be to invest in our public schools, not abandon them, according to the more liberal stance. Our society knows how to teach children, it just tends to do that job in unequal measures. Many quantify a disproportionate amount of money is spent on the alrea dy privileged children rather than on the low income areas. Perhaps the largest distinguishing factor in voucher schools comes down to religion. Many of the students in the voucher computer programme schools pray together in class, read the Bible, the Torah, or attend Mass.Even parents who are not curiously religious feel their children will get a better education and learn moral determine when placed in a parochial school. While the religious aspect is a sticking floor for those who advocate the separation of church and state, the religious schools are the fastest growing area of voucher schools, and many parents who were interviewed felt their children were receiving a much better education in a parochial school than they did in public schools.Martin Carnoy, a Stanford University professor has been critical of the voucher system, pointing to the fact that other states are not participating. No other places jumped on the bandwagon, and I think the reason is they dont see anythi ng spectacular and fantastic happening. Basically, they can live without it. (Borsuk 2006). It is felt in many sectors that the voucher program has been a huge give out on resources, taking away money and attention from the some 85,000 students who still attend regular system of macrophages schools.These students are effectively losing out so that others can attend private schools. (Borsuk 2006). How do other states feel about the voucher system? The Florida State Supreme apostrophize ruled on January 5, 2006 that Governor Jeb shrubs pilot voucher program was illegal because it violates the provision in the state constitution that prohibits development taxpayer money to finance a private alternative to the public education system. (OnWEAC 2006). The decision was 5-2 and the court stated that the voucher school program hurt public education because it diverted public dollars into private systems.Voucher schools are being rejected at a national level as in November, 2005, a g roup of 23 House Republicans bucked its partys leaders and defeated an hunting expedition to include a private school voucher plan in the House budget atonement bill. (OnWEAC 2006). The question remains What is the future of the Wisconsin Voucher system? From September, 2005 to January, 2006, the number of low income students attending voucher schools dropped sharply, a decline of nearly 1500 students. This could be due to the fact that three voucher schools were closed because they did not come across minimum standards, or perhaps the reasons are more far-reaching.(School Choice 2006). The Laws have recently expanded the eligibility of voucher recipients, now allowing students who are in schools that have ranked in the academic emergency or academic watch category for the past three years to receive vouchers. (School Choice 2006) The Maine Supreme Judicial coquette recently upheld a very controversial state law that prohibits students from using publicly funded vouchers for re ligious schools. jurist Donald Alexander wrote that the state is not compelled to pay for religious education even though the U. S.Supreme Court has ruled that these programs are constitutionally permissible. (School Choice 2006). Although this was a Maine case, the issue may soon arise in Wisconsin as well. Wisconsin has done its best and tried many alternatives, gone down many roads to advance the education of their children. Nobody can fault them for this, however it is clear that it is still far from a level playing field, and that more reforms are in order, more programs that guarantee each child a part education.References Borsuk, Alan J. (January 3, 2004). Dream of equal schooling is unrealized. Accessed on May 3, 2006 from http//www.jsonline.com

Top Reasons Why Students Fail Chemistry Essay Example for Free

Top Reasons Why Students snitch Chemistry EssaySee More About* chemistry top picks* chemistry homework swear out* study tipsAre you taking a chemistry class? Are you worried you might non pass? Chemistry is a subject many students prefer to avoid, even if they confirm an interest in science, because of its reputation for lowering grade point averages. However, it isnt as bad as it seems, especially if you avoid these commonality mistakes.1. ProcrastinatingNever do today what you can put off until tomorrow, right? Wrong The first fewer days in a chemistry class may be very easy and could tranquilize you into a false sense of security. Dont put off doing homework or studying until halfway through and through the class. Mastering chemistry requires you to build concept upon concept. If you miss the basics, youll get yourself into trouble. Pace yourself. Set aside a small segment of time each day for chemistry. It will help you to gain long-term mastery.2. Dont cram.Dont go i nto chemistry until you understand the basics of algebra. Geometry helps, too. You will need to be able to perform unit conversions. inhabit to work chemistry problems on a daily basis. Dont rely too much on a calculator. Chemistry and physics use math as an essential tool.3. Not stopting or instruction the TextYes, there are classes in which the text is optional or completely useless. This isnt one of those classes. Get the text. Read it Ditto for any required lab manuals. Even if the lectures are fantastic, youll need the book for the homework assignments. A study guide may be of limited use, but the basic text is a must-have.4. Psyching Yourself OutI think I can, I think I can you have to have a positive attitude toward chemistry. If you truly believe you will fail you may be telescope yourself up for a self-fulfilling prophecy. If you have prepared yourself for the class, you have to believe that you can be successful. Also, its easier to study a topic you like than one you hate. Dont hate chemistry. Make your peace with it and master it.5. Not Doing Your Own deviseStudy guides and books with worked answers in the back are great, right? Yes, but only if you use them for help and non as an easy way to get your homework done. Dont let a book or classmates do your work for you. They wont be available during the tests, which will count for a big portion of your grade.

The fairy and the bear Essay Example for Free

The cig aret and the bear seekFhtfyrfytfftyfuydtrd fellowship demonstrate A friend is be as a soul whom matchless knows, likes, and trusts. This type of a relation is familiarity. In every ball club in the world people consent short-circuit endeavor on familiarity PreserveArticles.comwww.preservearticles.com/201104306080/short- probe-on-friendship.html Apr 30, 2011 companionship is a cutaneous senses of love and affection of unmatchable person for a nonher. This touching of love must(prenominal) be reciprocated. otherwise friendship cannot be What is intimacy? informative Essay by Valeriya Stolbovaya phuket.qsischool.org//547-what-is-friendship-expository-essay-by-valeriy Friday, 15 June 2012 1058. Valeriya Stolbovaya. written material 2. Expository essay 2. 1.11.2011. What is friendship? What is friendship? People create been asking this lay aside a Short Essay on experiencewww.shareyouressays.com/13638/write-a-short-essay-on-friendship by Anjana Ma zumdarFriendship is peerless of the most loved gifts of bearing. A person who has true friends in life is lucky enough Friendship makes life thrilling. It makes life sweet. Sample Essay on Friendship English Literature for National literaturenubd.blogspot.com/2012/02/sample-essey-on-friendship.html Friendship is the divine feeling or kin between friends. Friendships real ultimately and required to be retained with care. Men sham live without compile Source Grades 6-8 Expository Essaywww.thewritesource.com/studentmodels/ws2k-friendship.htmA dictionary contains a definition of friendship somewhere in the Fs between the row fear and Friday. An encyclopedia supplies interesting facts on Friendships High inform English essayswww.englishdaily626.com/high_school_english_essays.php?512Friendships. Friends are very grievous in our lives. Friendships are easily organize when we are progeny and do not demand likewise much out of it. According to Friendship Essay A friend is defined as a person whom one knows, likes, and trusts. This type of a relation is friendship. In every society in the world people have Short Essay on Friendship PreserveArticles.comwww.preservearticles.com/201104306080/short-essay-on-friendship.html Apr 30, 2011 Friendship is a feeling of love and affection of one person for another. This feeling of love must be reciprocated. Otherwise friendship cannot be What is Friendship? Expository Essay by Valeriya Stolbovaya phuket.qsischool.org//547-what-is-friendship-expository-essay-by-valeriy Friday, 15 June 2012 1058. Valeriya Stolbovaya. Writing 2. Expository essay 2. 1.11.2011. What is friendship? What is friendship? People have been asking this Write a Short Essay on Friendshipwww.shareyouressays.com/13638/write-a-short-essay-on-friendship by Anjana MazumdarFriendship is one of the most precious gifts of life. A person who has true friends in life is lucky enough Friendship makes life thrilling. It makes life sweet. Sample Essa y on Friendship English Literature for National literaturenubd.blogspot.com/2012/02/sample-essey-on-friendship.html Friendship is the divine feeling or relationship between friends. Friendships developed ultimately and required to be maintained with care. Men cant live without Write Source Grades 6-8 Expository Essaywww.thewritesource.com/studentmodels/ws2k-friendship.htmA dictionary contains a definition of friendship somewhere in the Fs between the words fear and Friday. An encyclopedia supplies interesting facts on Friendships High School English essayswww.englishdaily626.com/high_school_english_essays.php?512Friendships. Friends are very important in our lives. 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A person who has true friends in life is lucky enough Friendship makes life thrilling. It makes life sweet. Sample Essay on Friendship English Literature for National literaturenubd.blogspot.com/2012/02/sample-essey-on-friendship.html Friendship is the divine feeling or relationship between friends. Friends hips developed ultimately and required to be maintained with care. Men cant live without Write Source Grades 6-8 Expository Essaywww.thewritesource.com/studentmodels/ws2k-friendship.htmA dictionary contains a definition of friendship somewhere in the Fs between the words fear and Friday. An encyclopedia supplies interesting facts on Friendships High School English essayswww.englishdaily626.com/high_school_english_essays.php?512Friendships. Friends are very important in our lives. Friendships are easily formed when we are young and do not demand too much out of it. According to Friendship Essay A friend is defined as a person whom one knows, likes, and trusts. 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Of Mice and Men Essay Example for Free

Of Mice and Men EssayThrough considering the portions of characters in the sewer Steinbeck novel Of Mice and Men I recall that the role of Curleys married woman is signifi tin cant in the novel. Many aspects of her personality make her so substantial other characters opinions on her also form a close judgment towards her from the beginning. I will be analysing her language and the way she communicates with the dominant males surrounding her at the farm. I will look at how Steinbeck portrays her role in the novel and the impact that has on the reader and how they might perceive her character. When introduced it is clear that she is attention want and very much a flirt. Steinbeck describes her by saying, She had full rouged lips and that she was heavily made up and wearing a cotton house dress with little red mules, on the insteps which were little bouquets of red ostrich feathers. It becomes clear that she wasnt just looking for Curley so she told George and Lennie, but at tention from the many men who worked on the ranch.The fact that she was made up also implies that she has a lot of time on her transfer and is slenderly bored. Steinbeck portrays her in this procedure of the novel as a flirt when shes talking to the men, She put her hands back and leaned against the door frame so that her body was thrown forward. Furthermore, she tries her hardest to make conversation with the men, contempt the fact they werent interested in speaking to her, she asks, youre the new fellas that just come, aint ya? George seemed reluctant to speak to her, he later referred to her as a tramp and jail bait whats more he snapped at her when she was in the bunk house saying, well he aint now suggesting he just wants the conversation to end and for her to go. The introduction of Curleys wife is an important part of her role, as the reader can easily draw a conclusion about her. Later on in the novel, when she is with Lennie in the type B, she says go on feel right her e as she entices him to touch her aristocratic hair.She should have known the consequence of what would happen, because she had already unveiled the dead puppy that Lennie had petted too hard, as he comparabled to pet nice, soft things. Obviously this slipped her mind when petition him to feel her hair, as she was focused on all the attention she craved. A key aspect to look at when analysing this particular character is that the writer, John Steinbeck, calls her Curleys wife throughout the novel. Not giving her an individual and personal name indicates a deficiency of authority and that she is owned by Curley and doesnt have her own independence.Curleys wife herself also proclaims to universe trapped and having regrets about the way her life could have been. In the final chapter when talking to Lennie in the barn she says, I cant talk to nobody but Curley. Else he gets made. She also confides in him saying, I get awful lonely Steinbeck tries to paint the reader a picture of h ow much she despises the way her life is. She tells Lennie about how she could have been a star how she was spotted and could have been in the movies its as if Curley is to blame for the terrible life she seems to lead.She tells him, I coulda made somethin of myself. It also becomes very clear that she is in the barn to talk about herself only, when Lennie tries to change the subject and move on to talking about himself being able-bodied to tend the rabbits she quickly interrupts and continues to talk about her own ambitions and problems. When she is unsure that Lennie has his full attention on her, she short demands, You listenin? she then goes onto say I dont like Curley he aint a nice fella.Unusual as it is for a woman to talk of her husband this way, Steinbeck wants the reader to experience with her in a way. She didnt want a life like this as she tells Lennie, and this may be why she acts in a way that draws attention. Before Curleys wife is introduced properly in the novel , on that point is conversation about her between Candy, George and Lennie. Candy says, Yeah purdy but well she got the eye. Already we can draw a small conclusion the she doesnt have the best reputation and the men on the ranch are wary of her flirtatious nature.George warns Lennie to stay away from her he says fiercely to Lennie, You dont even take a look at that bitch George acts a little distrustful of Lennie and amusing that Curleys wife could end up getting him into trouble. She seems to be aware that the men on the ranch are cautious of her, she says, Aint I gotta right to talk to nobody? Whatta they think I am anyways? when shes talking to Lennie in the barn. She may be flirting to draw attention to herself, even so the fact that she may be a little too flirt doesnt cross her mind, and she is asking Lennie for assurance here and doesnt quite know what she does wrong.In conclusion, I agree that Curleys wife plays a huge part in the novel, affecting other characters around her and the opinion they have on her, whether it be good or bad. I can decide upon the fact she is after attention, but non just for vanity and self worth, she is lonely and unhappy with her life she lives along side Curley, she doesnt like the way he treats her and so confides and gets close to other men on the ranch. John Steinbeck gives her an automatically subordinate role as he names her just Curleys wife and gives a clear intellectual of her personality before she is even introduced in the novel.

A Spatial Median Filter for Noise Removal in Digital Images Essay Example for Free

A Spatial normal perk up for Noise Removal in Digital Images EssayWith each snap of a digital photograph, a signal is transmitted from photon sensor to a memory chip embedded inside a camera. contagious disease technology is prone to a degree of error, and echo is added to each photograph. Signi? cant work has been done in both hardware and software to improve the signal-to-noise ratio in digital photography. In software, a smoothing ? lter is utilise to remove noise from an image. each pixel is represented by three scalar set representing the red, green, and blue chromatic intensities. At each pixel studied, a smoothing ? lter takes into account the surrounding pixels to derive a more accurate version of this pixel.By taking neighboring pixels into consideration, extreme noisy pixels can be replaced. However, outlier pixels may represent uncorrupted ? ne details, which may be lost due to the smoothing process. This paper examines 4 common smoothing algorithms and introd uces a new smoothing algorithm. These algorithms can be applied to one-dimensional as well as two-dimensional signals. Figure 1. Examples of common ? ltering approaches. (a) Original Image (b) miserly Filtering (c) Median Filtering (d) Root Signal of Median Filtering (e) dowry wise Median Filtering (f) Vector Median Filtering.The simplest of these algorithms is the Mean Filter as de? ned in (1). The Mean Filter is a linear ? lter which uses a mask everyplace each pixel in the signal. Each of the components of the pixels which fall under the mask are averaged together to form a iodin pixel. This new pixel is then used to replace the pixel in the signal studied. The Mean Filter is poor at maintaining edges within the image. 1 N ? xi N i=1 MEANFILT ER(x1 , , xN ) = (1) The use of the median in signal processing was ? rst introduced by J. W. Tukey 1.When ? ltering using the guileless Median Filter, an original pixel and the resulting ? ltered pixel of the take studied are sometim es the same pixel. A pixel that does not change due to ? ltering is cognize as the theme of the mask. It can be shown that after suf? cient iterations of median ? ltering, every signal converges to a root signal 2. The Component Median Filter, de? ned in (3), also relies on the statistical median concept. In the Simple Median Filter, each point in the signal is converted to a single magnitude. In the Component Median Filter each scalar component is treated independently.A ? lter mask is placed over a point in the signal. For each component of each point under the mask, a single median component is determined. These components are then combined to form a new point, which is then used to represent the point in the signal studied. When working with color images, however, this ? lter regularly outperforms the Simple Median Filter. When noise affects a point in a grayscale image, the result is called salt and pepper noise. In color images, this holding of salt and pepper noise is typi cal of noise models where only one scalar value of a point is affected.

Effects of Computer Society Essay Example for Free

Effects of Computer Society EssayTraditionally, courses that deal with calculators and society issues focus primarily on enumerating the various ways in which computers impact society. This is done by listing categories of topics such(prenominal) as privacy, computers in medicine, military uses of computers, and so forth Classic cases of computer abuse or errant systems argon typically localise forth in detail, as a way of simply making students more awargon of how computers affect society.These examples are meant to serve as warnings to future professionals, in the hopes that they will practice their profession with greater care. What is missing from these discussions, however, iswhycomputers urinate the impact they do on society. What are the characteristics that are the root of this impact? Are in that respect fundamental differences amongst this engineering and others that have transformed our world in the past?The intent of development a list of these characteristic s is that it could lead to a better understanding of the nature of the social impact of computers. In this way, it might be possible to examine a new computer project at the fourth dimension of itsdesign(not, as is the usual case, a enormous time after the project has been implemented and disseminated) to deposit its potential impacts as a social change agent. The characteristics given below are not needfully unique to computer technology.However, in m both instances computers have created situations that were previously impossible to accomplish (such as set flight), were essentially inconceivable until the technology was applied, or at least were very concentrated to achieve with verboten the guardianship of computer technology. Furthermore, nevertheless though other technologies may have had impacts similar to computers in many ways, computer technology has greatly amplified their set up to the point of entirely overshadowing any previous technologys impact.Finally, the t ermcomputer technologyis meant to be inclusive of any device that is essentially controlled by a basic computer (CPU, program, etcetera ). This would include, therefore, modern font telephones, VCRs, microwave ovens, CAT scanners, supermarket scanners, and the like. The following are in no particular order. Also, some devices or examples are likely to fit into more than one of the categories below (1) Ubiquity It is perhaps stating the obvious that computers look to be everywhere today.Even when we dont encounter them directly in their various forms of modern convenience devices, such as digital watches, microwave ovens, VCRs, and the like, we generate transactions that are processed via computers without actively doing anything the utility companies are recording our usage, the phone company records incoming calls, our answering machine might be recording a message while we are doing something else, someone is performing a credit check on us, etc. (2) Magnification Computers te nd toward magnification in several different ways.First, the explosion of the avail strength of study is due in large part to the computers ability to generate, collect, and store an ever increasing amount of raw info. Since the ability to create and collect data is growing exponentially, so too is the generation of information that can be synthesized from this data. Second, the types of negative impacts a single error can have has grown enormously with computer technology. Finally, the phone number of people directly affected by a system error has also grown enormously, to where a single software system literally can affect millions directly. 3) Accessibility Access to information continues to profit at hard to believe revivifys.Many information resources are available only in digital form, via, for instance, the Internet. As more information is converted to digital form (e. g. voice and video), the ability to duplicate and beam such information increases enormously. Indeed , there are some forms of publishing that can exist only indoors the context of a computer system. The concept of hypertext and hypermedia (including audio and video), the ability to create non-linear accessibility to information, was conceived out of the ability to randomly access information via computers.Its increasing success easily shows how important information in a digital form has become already. (Oz, 1994). (5) Lack of Accountability It has become a popular accusation that it is getting more and more difficult to locate a human being who is willing to combine responsibility for an error made by a computerized system. While it is tempting to blame such problems on incompetent employees, in truth the problem may be a poor user interface, leave out of training, or an error in the software, none of which can be solved by those providing the front-line service. other obstacle is finding someone who will, indeed, fix an error in an account. It is often the case that servic e representatives are disinclined to accept the responsibility for making a necessary change. In addition, it can often be difficult to even find a human being to deal with a problem. Getting lost in a voice-mail system has become a modern urban legend. (Nissenbaum, 1994). (6) Temporality Computers have several effects on time and the timeliness of information. It seems that computer technology is to blame in large part for the speed p of modern society everything has to get done faster, be there sooner, be available immediately. Another form of temporality in computer systems is that information can be retained over long periods of time, even when they appear to have been destroyed (consider the classic case of Col. Oliver North). There is little reason that information should be entirely lost any more, even due to accident. And it is reasonable to suspect that every applesauce of information generated today will be available virtually forever.Another temporal shift for which c omputers have been responsible is that people who work together do not necessarily have to do so at the same time. Finally, services and information are more frequently available on a 24-hour basis. This allows people to request a service or seek information when it fits their schedule, rather than when it fits the service providers schedule. (7) spatial property Computers have done more to shorten keeps than any previous technology, even the supersonic jet. It is possible to charge large amounts of data, messages, video, etc. virtually anywhere in the world via networks such as Internet.Long distance learning, using information databases or video feeds of courses via satellite, is a reality for a growing portion of our modern society. We can now even be on the move when we talk with someone on the phone, or receive a fax. (8) Surveillability Is there any doubt that computers have made surveillance easier than at any time in history? In addition to the usual surveillance equipme nt such as cameras and microphones, transactional data is increasingly being collected for virtually all types of transactions, even cash purchases and the acquisition of services.There has even been discussion by the government of using a universal health card, which is seen by many as the first step toward finalizing the move (begun with the co-opting of the social security number) in the US toward a national recognition card. (9) Shifting of Relationships/Changes in Intercommunication Protocols One of the more difficult characteristics to track is how computer technology has changed communication between people and groups of people.In particular, the use of email has been shown to eliminate a lot of the usual visual and literal cues we often use in communicating with one another (whch can be viewed as both an advantage and as a disadvantage). In addition to removing such cues, computer-mediated communications mask attributes such as race, gender, age, or physical disability, i n addition, perhaps, to the persons social or management status within an organization. (Grudin, 1994 Perrole, 1987). (10) Illusion of clearcutness It is not difficult to make many (perhaps even most) people who are not in the computer field believe that any numeric result generated by a computer is correct. Those not closely versed in the hardware of computers have little understanding of the fact that numbers must be converted back and forth between decimal and binary forms, or that there is a confinement on the accuracy of numbers due to memory constraints. As a result, they willingly accept determine generated by a computer as infinitely accurate. (Liffick, 1985). ConclusionThe characteristics described above are factors in the social impact of computer technology. For most there is at least anecdotal evidence of their universe of discourse (with seemingly countless examples). For some, there is also experimental evidence. It has finally become widely accepted that technolog y is not value neutral, as originally thought. By examining this list and using it as a set of landmarks for evaluating new systems, it may be possible to better anticipate the social impact of new systems, antecedent to their dissemination.

A design of the promotional gift Essay Example for Free

A design of the promotional gift Essay high-priced morning, ladies and gentlemen. Im Jackie Lee, designer of a political party. Thank you for giving me an opportunity to participate in this emulation to introduce my promotional gift design. The goal of my presentation is to introduce my promotional gift design, silicone look, which is for my keep company. Firstly, I will introduce my company background knowledge and the reason of why I have a devising to participate of this competition. Next, I would like to talk about why my design bay window have the foodstuff value. Then, I would like to describe the feature and benefits of my design, and explain how do my design can promote my company business. Finally, I will have a question and answer. I would like to begin with some background information. My company is a large corporation which is with many businesses and the business of my company atomic number 18 mainly get some innovative and technology products. As last ti me I have designed a new silicone watch to be my companys promotional gift. After this, we have true many positive comment from our leaf nodes. As the result, my company ask me to join this competition to enhance our company popularity.See more Unemployment problems and solutions essayAs you all know, ready-made gift in the market are not satisfy the dynamic design of trend. Therefore, my company design unique company gifts which best to hold our clients normal needs and lifestyle. The product of this kind of silicone watch is very popular nowadays. Many watch company and electronic company are both produce and selling the silicone watch and some of the customer are quite interest of this product because of the long undestroyable quality and it is practicality. As a result I design a unique silicone watch for our company clients. And this is the design of my silicone watch. On my design, I have chosen different color range to suit to my product that can let our client to choos e their color which also represent our company is giving many chooses to our clients.Moreover, I also add a waterproof function into the product which can ramp up it long lasting and to present the high professional quality of my company. And the final special benefit of the design is there are a function can connect with your octopus which also showing our company technology and make the customer more convenient. After we sent the gift to our client, we received many positive comment of our client and finally promote the business of our company effectively.

Climate Change Term Paper Essay Example for Free

humor Change Term Paper EssayAre we a burden to the society or a blessing? , We argon the ones who will choose our own way, but we must see to it that the path that we are heading will non lead us to destruction. Many youth of today are spicy in worthless things like vices smoking, drinking, alcohols, using drugs and etc. we are not aware that those things are unspoiled a waste of time, money and most of all it will ruin our future.We became a burden to our family and to our border instead of being a blessing to them, as a child to their parents our responsibility is to make them joyous as our payment for their sacrifice and efforts to raise us, we owe out lives to them. Make yourselves worthy to live the flavour that is agreen to you by the creator, dont waste it, for our lives are precious.Let us open our eye and mind and focus on the things that have worth and not on things that have worth and not on things that will destroy our lives. True happiness can only be found in our precious creator Jesus Christ, if you are searching for peace and love goes to him and he will give it all, and youll realize that this world will not give you satisfaction, it will only be found in him.

Star Newspaper Business Study

lead story News write up contrast piece of workCOMPANY BACKGROUNDComp whatsoevers historyThe mastermind was initiative promulgated region eachy in George Town, Penang on the 9th of family line, 1971. The adept went to plow a bailiwick wordworthiness report card on Jan 3, 1976, when it set up an per centimeage in Kuala Lumpur. To conciliate a emergence staff and a untested press incorporating the latest engineering, it attaind its headquarters from Kuala Lumpur to its certify premises in Petaling Jaya in 1981.The sentiency created histor y on June 23, 1995 when it became the first Malaysian publishing firm and the trio in Asia to launch a World panoptic Web edition. In bringition to that, The one as hale as achieved a unfermented milest unmatched in its corpo esteem history in the kindred stratum by being listed on the important ascertain board of the Kuala Lumpur telephone circuit Ex transfer.In the stratum 2000, The brilliance relocated in st elds to its very own 17 storey premises, Menara Star in Section 16, Petaling Jaya.In January 2002, The Stars new publish plant, Star Media Hub was officially opened by the proxy Prime Minister of Malaysia, YAB Dato Seri Abdullah bin Haji Ahmad Badawi in Shah Alam, Selangor. The Star in addition has a new office and imprint plant, Star Northern Hub in Bayan Lepas, Penang. nigh The Star and sunday StarThe Star weekday paper is pack develop as a 4-in-1 paper, comprising the Main Paper, StarBiz and StarTwo. The Main Paper c all bothplaces the latest in regional, national and as wholesome as transnational discussion succession StarBiz offers a comprehensive c all overage of topical anesthetic anaesthetic and international financial word much(prenominal) as trade trends, financial reports and latest market updates. StarTwo stimulates articles on lifestyle, entertainment, health, p arnting, sociable issues and et cetera.Every Sunday, there is an additional persona know as Sunday Star. For the Sunday Star, it covers current local and as tumefy as worldwide intelligence activity show. unconnected from that, Sunday Star likewise contains an educational section where c atomic number 18rs, further education, exams tips and various comments be featured within.Board of DirectorsThe current administrator Deputy Chairman of Star yields (Malaysia) Berhad is Dato Clement Hii Chii Kok whereas the Group Managing Director / Chief Executive Officer is Datin Linda Ngiam Pick Ngoh. in that respect argon deuce Executive Director in the play along which is bronze Sri Datuk Seri Kamal Mohamed Hashim and Mr. Ng Beng Lye. And the Group Editorial / Education advisor is Dato Ng Poh Tip.Groups Financial HighlightsThe revenue of the company as at 31 December 2008 is RM 831,040,000. Profit forwards tax is RM201, 463,000 whereas the profit after tax is RM138, 701,000 which surface that the tax expense is RM 62,762,000.Political and Legal surroundThere is one law i n Malaysia that protects media liberty that is Article 10 of the Constitution. It withal notes that there are limits to this freedom, and that these limits are, primary(prenominal)ly, defined by the Government. The constitution provides freedom for talk of the press. However, some important legal limitations exist. fit to the regime, it constrained restrictions on the media to protect national security, public install, and 10der relations with new(prenominal)wise countries.The law that provides legislation in the interest of security or public order may restrict freedom of speech. Example, Sedition routine prohibits public comment on issues sensitive much(prenominal) as racial and religious matters. Government utilize Sedition feign, Official Secrets Act, Printing vexes and Publications Act, criminal denigration laws, and other laws to limit and threaten political speech.As for Printing Presses and Publications Act, it requires local and foreign publications to ap ply per yr to the government for a permit. This is to make publication of infernal countersign a punishable offense and real the minister of internal security to ban or restrict publications believed to threaten public order, morality, or national security.Besides, it also prohibits court challenges to delay or repeal of publication permits. correspond to the government, these conditions make sure that the media did not sp determine twisted pa employment and were necessary to spare harmony and promote peaceful in a multiracial country.Criminal defamation is punishable by a maximum of 2 courses in jail, a fine, or both. This is along with the government movement over annual license renewal and other policies inhibited independent or investigative watchword program media and resulted in widespread self- security re fancy. Government had banned some foreign composition publishers and magazines and, occasionally, covered up foreign magazines or tidingsprints.Further to a greater extent, you could point to the guarantees on a lower floor(a) the Communications and Mul prison termdia Act (CMA) if you want to impress the crowd which covers broadcasting and can. The guarantees low this act are no monopoly or oligopoly get over of the airwaves and nothing in the Act is to be regarded as censorship of the profits.No monopoly or oligopoly control of the airwaves is that no group of companies should own enough of the radio and television system stations to prevent listeners and viewers from having a plectrum of material. So far is all untroubled yet they produce not seen it put into practice as yet. As for censorship of the Internet, it is a bit more than of a problem. Although there is not any censorship or control of the Internet under this Act, doesnt blotto there isnt any censorship of the Internet.Internet entre was widely available and earnings subscriptions fitled approximately 13.5 cardinal at the end of 2006. However, crimina l offence and tour detention laws generated some self censorship from local Internet marrow sources. Examples are bloggers, Internet intelligence information providers and NGO campaigners. The Malaysian Communications and Mul bandagedia guardianship (MCMC) shut down 11 Web sites for rift rules and regulations concerning the publication of cultivation on the Internet. Neither the MCMC nor the government released the names of the 11 Web sites.The CMA requires certain Internet and other ne iirk run providers to obtain a license. Previously, the government stated that it did not intend to go through controls on Internet habituate nevertheless that it would punish the misuse of information technology. The CMA permits punishment of the owner of a Web site or blog for allowing content of a racial, religious, or political nature that a court deems offensive.Besides that, al nigh all the report publisher companies are under a political control. This is where the politico uses th e publications to spread their intelligence service to the public. The biggest press group was Media atomic number 82(predicate) which is possess by Malaysia Resources Corporation Berhad which has close ties with the govern United Malays National Organization (UMNO) and government. Media star(predicate) owns the leading face-language theme The New tosss times, the sulfur biggest Malaysia-language paper Berita Harian, Malay Mail, Harian Metro and the ShinMin nonchalant News. In addition, Media Prima owns four terrestrial TV channels.However, the acquirement of Nanyang from MCA two years ago which is 2005 has since setup its monopoly in Chinese media. Sin Chew Media Group was being owned by the timber tycoon, Tiong Hiew King. He already corners intimately 90% of the Chinese language theme market, with his control of Sin Chew ,which publishes Sin Chew Daily and Guang Ming Daily, and Nanyang H superannuatedings, which has Nanyang Siang Pau and China Press. As for The Star, it was owned by MCA patch MIC owned Malaysia Nanban.Economic environment2009 exit ring to be a very challenging year for Malaysia, although Malaysias economy is holding up pretty well this year. The first half of 2009 is expected to be a very tough consummation for Malaysia. The impact on Malaysia this year has somehow been cushioned but numerous are beginning to feel the frugal down fling towards the year-end.Since the beginning of the spherical economic crisis, a great wrap up(prenominal) has been verbalize and published about its economic and financial impact, but sexual congressly slim has been verbalize about the socio-economic impact. plot of ground it is not unenviable to observe the direct and practically immediate unpleasant social impact of the crisis, little is known about their indirect and long-term effect on the countrys human development and social hood potential which are more and more acknowledged in development economies as a critical divisor for sustainable development.Economic pressures are becoming the primary winding forces determining the behaviour of Malaysian paper companies. It is change magnitudely clear that the responses of some composition managers are change journalistic quality, producing practices that reduce the social value of newspaper content and that redirect the attention of newspaper workforce from news media to activities primarily related to the business interests of the press.This bureau has promoted back up self-interested behaviour aimed at exploiting market potential, and there is a growing conflict betwixt the role of newspapers as servants of readers and the exploitation of readers to seek additional commercial gain. It should not be surprising that the public increasingly sees the press as just another business that is more pertain with its own economic interests than with the broader interests of those it purports to serve.This entry gives GDP suppuration on an annual basis adjus ted for flash and expressed as a per cent. The graph supra shows the overall performance of Malaysian in economy. We support see the economy started to barf from the middle for snatch quarter of 2008 till 2009.(Source CIA World Fact book, family 17, 2009)The print media is already feeling the pinch of the economic downswing. theme adex has fallen for four consecutive months from October to January 2009. In January, newspaper adex decline in qualityd 4% year on year to RM258.6 cardinal trance total adex for the media labor as a whole (TV, radio and print) inched up 2% year to year. This means that newspaper companies suffered a larger blow than other media channels.As an open economy, Malaysia was earnestly stirred by the orbiculate financial crisis and economic downswing. The major decline in exports, in turn, affected domestic demand. Thus, economic branch filmed 6.2% in the first quarter of 2009. However, the decline narrowed to 3.9% in the second quarter, assisted by speedy and strong operation of stimulus packages as well as monetary easing.Economic performance is expected to correct in the second half of the year, supported by counter-cyclical measures and reinforced by stabilization in the global economic environment. As such, the economy is expected to turn around in the quarter quarter, though for the year it is estimated to contract 3%.The current environment exists as the Malaysian newspaper manufacture faces an uncertain approaching because of inactive markets, increasing contention from other media for earreach attention, use by progressively smaller portions of the world and changes in advertiser media choices. It is a common view that the newspaper business is e break downic because people read the papers all day, regardless of the economic climate. lot want to know the latest happenings in good times and bad.It is expected to see a slowdown down in adex in this year, 2009, with the absence of any major events, together w ith the weakening economic climate. The note economic fruit forecast has an effect on the newspaper industry including publicise. Last years growth was driven by worldly TV adex (up 20%), newspaper (8%), radio (21%) and point-of- sale (28%).Malaysia Advertising ingestion TrendsYear 1997 to 2008CirculationGenerally, there is a total newspaper circulation jump off since 1998. The actual figure in concomitant for 2008 should occupy rose higher though if the information from Nanyang, Malay Mail and Weekend Mail are included. Newsprint has not dead yet and will co-exist with online media. The circulation growth has been steadily all these years which contributed by the plus of the population and the knowledge of society.There are a few online news portals which without print circulation grant been gaining huge popularity since cultivation year. This creating a strong competition in online space compared to the print circulation. In English newsprint, The Star is fluid far a head of everyone. As for The Sun, it considers that it offers free controlled circulation.Competition in Malay circulation is entirely reserved for the big tierce which similar to the online scenario shown in figure 2 at appendix. Harian Metro is gaining popularity in recent years. This had posed a challenged to Utusan Malaysias top position. other famous trend in the Malay instalment is newspaper sales on weekends are generally much higher than working days.Societal roughly triple trillion Malaysians visited local online news portals cursory in exhibit this year, compared with 2.5 million in the homogeneous month make it year, according to comScore Media Metrix (digital merchandising inquiry company). While the figures quoted in May edition of OnMedia, OmicomMediaGroups industry newsletter, were ground on mean(a) daily readership for the online news sites over the by year from March 2008 to February 2009. In total, the median(a) out daily readership for local news p ortals for that period was about 2.8 million.Malaysiakini led online English news sites with 91,943 bonny daily visitors over the gone year. In second place was The Star Online with 74,417 readers a day. Malaysia-Today.net registered 12,948 readers daily, putting it in third place. The New Straits Times Online came in fourth with an average of 16,871 readers a day.However, in 5th place was theedgedaily.com, the clearsite of The Edge Malaysia, which averaged 3,844 readers daily over the past year. However, according to Google Analytics which monitors online site traffic, since its relaunch in March this year as theedgemalaysia.com, the site has averaged around 14,000 readers daily.For the Malay-language online portals, Utusan Malaysia Online led with an average daily readership of 70,641 over the past year. It was succeeded by Berita Harian Online which averaged 55,764 readers a day for the past year. myMetro (the website of Harian Metro) averaged 51,767 readers daily, placing i t third. ChinaPress dotCom was the most popular of the Chinese-language online news portals with an average of 29,950 readers a day. It was closely followed by nanyang.com which averaged 27,168 a day, and Sinchew-i which received an average of 23,779 readers a day.Key points that emerged from the study, if value were not a factor and if their choice was dependant to paper, online, e-paper and mobile devices. Sixty-nine percent (69%) of respondents would pick handed-down newspapers as their first choice for news inhalation. While, xx-nine percent (29%) would make online sources their first choice, with the remaining twenty percent (2%) opting for e-paper or mobile devices first. The gap amid traditionalistic newspapers and online was, however, takeificantly smaller for young respondents.both consumers and advertisers have demonstrated a willingness to manufacture more for high value, topic-specific publications than they would for newspapers providing general news only, wro te authors Marieke van der Donk and wave Fenez in the reports administrator summary.Financial readers were willing to grease ones palms financial online content for 97% as much as they would leave for a traditional paper. Mean spot, sports fanatics would pay as much as 77% as they would for a traditional paper, for an online edition that focused on sports.The study showed newspapers are still the major sources of news and information for consumers, with survey respondents listing almost as television, the Internet, and newspapers (free and paid) as their main source of news and information. Moreover, all 4,900 respondents were willing to pay for the general print news content.This is not to say that newspapers should not make the move online, said the report. Over 60% of respondents were willing to pay for general online news. Furthermore, based on the reports generateings, a anchor future trend is the willingness of younger readers to pay for online content. According to the report, newspapers have been able to earn readers trust and loyalty, frankincense giving them the opportunity to both lead and follow audiences as they migrate online and into the use of portable electronic media like mobile devices.It also noted that although the rapid adoption of the Internet and mobile technology have created a market for mobile devices, especially for those under 35, they are low on the list of preferences for accessing information because of the difficulty of reading content on these devices.Malaysians are not giving up newspapers for the Internet. This research based on the data sourced from Nielsen Media Index from 2006 to 2008. It shows that newspaper wasting disease levels held steady all through 2008 despite the rise in Internet consumption.Malaysian newspaper consumption holds steady despite Internet. Its compose by Emily Tan, Tuesday, 01 September 2009 at 1124.While the average time a Malaysian spends online has increased by 24% from three arcminute s a day in 2006 to three hours and 46 minutes a day in 2008, the average time spent reading a newspaper has held steady at 49 minutes in the same time span. There is no sign that Malaysians are shifting from newspapers to the Internet, said the report published in PHDs August newsletter PHD Pioneering. PHD is a media service agency under the Omnicom Media Group.The PHD study found that Malaysians over the age of 30 spend more time reading newspapers and its about 50 minutes daily, while the teenagers and young adults read for about half an hour on average per day.A few online news portals that without print circulation have been gaining a huge popularity since last year, creating a stiff competition in online space compared to the print circulation. As for English newsprint, The Star is still well ahead of everyone, considering The Sun offers free controlled circulation.Newspaper readership in Peninsular Malaysia for the fourth quarter of last year (4Q08) grew about two office (2% ) points to 55% from 52.9% in the same period in 2007, perchance in tandem with population growth of those aged 15 and in a higher place. Bahasa dailies seemed to have gained the most from the slight increase in newspaper readership, growing from 26.8% to 29.3% in the fourth quarter. English dailies aphorism gross profit marginal growth of 0.3 percentage point while Chinese and Tamil dailies saw a drop of 0.2 and 0.4 percentage point correspondingly. This is written by Aznita Ahmad Pharmy, Thursday, 05 March 2009, at 1744. engine roomOn the other hand, the media industry is challenged by the quickly changing environment, birth of new digital technologies and advertising money diverting to new media platforms on the internet. The local media industry has yet to capitalize on the affluent potential of the internet which will remain the instantaneous and the next powerful media platform, globally.Largely driving this change is technological development but the industry is also b eing affected by the impact of globalization of media ownership, the phenomenal growth of the internet, and other ambient media such as outdoor, point of sale, television, bus and taxi sites.The appendage of creating media strategies has become more complex and dynamic with the access of very highly developed software intentional to optimize media selection against an unending range of criteria. There is a growing movement away from the use of simple age sex demographics for most media assumptions and an increasing appreciation of the need for a more holistic understanding of current and potential customers, including characteristics such as media usage, buyer behaviour, attitudes, lifestyles and interests.According to Nielsen Media Index, while mainstream media continues to control the Malaysian media scene, the internet is fast catching up. There was a double growth in internet perceptivity which grasp up to two out of ten people compared to five years ago. The executive man ager for Nielsen Media search Malaysia, Andrea Douglas said that internet will become a more important part of the media cockle with its continuous growth in the market.She added that Malaysians are mulish to go on online news for prompt and uninterrupted updates. This can be seen by the 35% growth in online newspaper readership over a year, reaching one million readers. Those who only read news online exclusive online newspaper readers, it grew from 55,000 to 70,000 in 2008. The index signify a 21% increase in internet users with almost four out of ten users pass one to two hours on the internet every day. Increasing internet penetration goes hand-in-hand with increased Internet usage.However, news seekers have not abandoned the traditional medium as nine in 10 readers still obtain their news through a hard copy. Apart from more common features such as email, surfing and information gathering, the popular activities for citizen are online TV/music/games (47%), followed by me ssage/ call in/blogging (45%) and reading newspaper/magazines (35%). Within the Top 10 categories, nine categories advertised online but the expenditure only amidst less than 1% and 3% of the total budget online.Newspaper industry players have to eer evolve themselves to stay ahead by up technology and addressing readers preferences.The second Finance Minister, Tan Sri Nor Mohamed Yakcop urged the industry to play actively its role by involving themselves in developing the digital medium instead of ignoring it. He said it in his keynote address at the Malaysian Newspaper Publishers Association forum.Nor Mohamed said that with the online global reach, publish news about the countrys development became faster and easier. He added that to promote Malaysia as a developing and stable nation to potential foreign investors, information reported must be accurate. This image would be able to attract more foreign investments and visitors in Malaysia.As for Group M chief executive officer, Henry Tan said that as technology drove change, consumers, media, media agencies and clients were changing as well. New contemporaries was created by new technology while new media grammatical construction and ownership will strengthen competition. The role of media agencies has expanded to more than just planning and purchasing media spots. Agencies also have to recognize changes in clients and deal with each one differently.Dow Jones Asia-Pacific sales director, Mark geneva said change was not uncommon in the print media which comprised it to be better and more efficient. strength new revenue stream and the branding receipts from a strong online presence in the combination of global trend, these have seen that local traditional news organizations begin to put more resources on the online platform. Besides, they also hired people who recognize the benefits of Web 2.0 applications such as social networking site Facebook, and Twitter, the so-called SMS of the Internet.The growin g popularity of online news sites where readers can read for free is one reason decision-makers at traditional news organizations find it very hard to raise cover prices for their printing product. A drop in circulation numbers straightway impacts the advertising rate which a publication commands.According to the On Media newsletter, the circulation numbers from Nielsen Media Research signified online news portals have not affected print newspaper that much though online readership has increased rapidly over the past year. At present, online news sites still do not enjoy the level of loyalty and commitment shown by readers to newsprint. Online readership tends to change based on economic, political and social events, said the newsletter. Based on Nielsen Media Research and Com Score, the newsletter concluded that readers spend less time reading online news than print.About three million Malaysians visited local online news portals daily in March this year, compared with 2.5 million in the same month last year according to ComScore Media Metrix, a digital marketing research company. The average daily readership for local news portals for that period was about 2.8 million. Malaysiankini led online English news sites average daily visitors over the past year. As for The Star Online was placing second. Utusan Malaysia Online led Malay-language online followed by Berita Harian Online. As for the Chinese-language online news portals, ChinaPress dotcom was the most popular. There are more on societal changes.Managing director of Omnicom Media Group, Andreas Vogiatzakis said that newsprint have little to fear from online news portals. He said that newspapers must learn to pull on their online portals to add value and enhance their offerings to the consumer.The industry has seen a decline in newspaper adex over the past three years, from 58% in 2006 to 54% 2008 said the Nielsen Co Malaysia executive director Andrea Douglas. She said that the reasons for these changes are difficult to said but some categories have changed their spending patterns. There has been a decline in residential ad spending due to the economic downturn and this category is almost fully print advertising. The web has introduced new advertising potential and new media that could be eroding the traditional print share.According to Nielsen Media Research, newspaper in Malaysia has a mainly younger readership, with 65 per cent below 40 and 35 per cent of its readers are supra 40 years. Percentage of newspaper readership between 20-29 age is the highest while the age between 50-54 is the lowest percentage of newspaper readership.According to Nielsen Media Research, newspaper in Malaysia has a mainly younger readership, with 62 per cent below 40 and 38 per cent of its readers are in a higher place 40 years. Percentage of newspaper readership between 20-29 age is the highest while the age between 50-54 is the lowest percentage of newspaper readership.The readership of age preced ing(prenominal) 55 years old in 2006 increases 3.5% compared with the readership of age 55 years old in 2005. The old generation between the age of 55 and above are still enthusiastic supporters of newspapers while the younger generation appear to be much in tune with computers and the internet. The newspapers are not only challenged by online websites but also the electronic media having regular updates in the news bulletin. Many youngsters enjoyed reading serious news on the internet rather than from the newspapers. Hence, newspaper publisher should focus on public from the age of 55 and above.According to a statistic from Department of Statistics, Malaysia, the population of Malaysia is increasing. The population of age 15 and below is decreasing every year. The decreasing rate of year 2002 to 2004 is 0.3% whereas the decreasing rate of year 2005 to 2008 is 0.2%. The population of age 64 and above is increasing every year by 0.1 % chuck out for the year 2005 and 2006 which remai n same at 4.3%.The same pattern of readership frequence could also be detect among the respondents with different educational backgrounds. According to The Public sentience of Science and Technology Malaysia 2000, the frequency of newspaper readership proceed to be the highest among those with tertiary education where 60.0% of them read the newspaper daily. This was followed by those with secondary education (44.1%) with the lowest frequency (28.1%) among those with primary or lower education.In footing of locality, The Public Awareness of Science and Technology Malaysia 2000 also revealed that 49.3% of the urban respondents read the newspaper daily compared to those in rural areas (39.8%). On the frequency of readership, the opposite situation could also be observed in the other categories (a few times a week, once a week, or seldom). For example, about one-third (32.1%) of the rural respondents and likewise about 34.4% of the urban respondents read newspapers only a few time s a week.Identify the contactry currently exists in the industry in which the company is operating. ar there many an(prenominal) competitor or just a few competitor or no competitor?There are many competitors around Star Publication. For instance, Berita Harian, Guang Ming Daily, Sin Chew Jit Poh, The Sun Daily, Utusan Malaysia, and also New Straits Times. The largest Star Publication newspaper competitor is the New straits Times.The shift recommendation of analysts on Star Publications (M) Bhd are the countrys largest and most profitable print media group and as well as other media stocks, such as Media Chinese International Ltd and The New Straits Times Press (M) Bhd, shows the current negativity on the industrys earnings prospects in the coming quarters, if not years.The Nielsen Media Report shows that Stars gross adex dived 20.6% y-o-y in January. Citi Investment Researchs analyst Alyson Shin has noticed that the foliate count for classified advertisements, which make up 25% of Stars advertising revenue, has fallen 33% to 40 pages from 60 pages in better times.Alyson Shin mention that Star has raised its advertising rates by an average 4% for both classified and display advertisements for the heavier days which is Wednesday to Saturdays. However, this is unlikely to be sufficient to offset the drop in adex in FY (Financial Year) 2009. Factoring in the 4% ad rate hike, we still forecast adex to contract 12% in FY2009, Alyson Shin comments in a February research report.Over the past two decades, Star has grown by shooting up and leap in terms of earnings as well as manpower, after its English daily, The Star, overtook its main rival New Straits Times. The groups fixed operating cost have blown up. Its total operating cost that inclusive of printing and the newsprint have been above RM600 million in the past three years. This rear to RM651.2 million in FY (financial year) 2008 versus revenue of RM831 million and net profit of RM138.9 million.The high fi xed cost structure is a blessing for the group when advertisers are competitiveness for space in the newspaper because of the profit margin is getting bigger as the advertisement relative amount rises. Star has been the case this for over the past 10 years. It is the countrys most profitable newspaper with a handsome pre-tax profit margin of 24.2%, compared with its rival NST (New Strait Times) which manages only 9.5%.NSTP lost much of its thump over the past 25 years, especially on two separate occasions. During Operasi Lalang in October 1987, Star Publications (M) Bhds licence was revoked under a plan to crack down on the opposition leaders and social activists. After Star got back its licence, its readership and circulation surged. According to Nielsen Media Research, as at end-2008, NSTPs flagship newspaper New Straits Times had a readership of 308,000 while New Sunday Times readership stood at 263,000. As at end-June last year, New Straits Times circulation, according to the A udit Bureau of Circulation, stood at 136,530 while that of New Sunday Times was 156,910.These figures cannot rival that of its main competitor, Star Publications, which had a readership of more than one million for both its daily and Sunday paper. Stars circulation was over 300,000 daily.Are the products/ services offered by company very much different from its competitors in terms of price/feature/others.KUNTUMAn educational monthly in Bahasa Malaysia for children ages 6 to 12. In keeping with its Learning is Fun motto, the Kuntum Club organises many fun activities and hoStar Newspaper Business StudyStar Newspaper Business StudyCOMPANY BACKGROUNDCompanys historyThe Star was first published regionally in George Town, Penang on the 9th of September, 1971. The Star went to become a national newspaper on Jan 3, 1976, when it set up an office in Kuala Lumpur. To adapt a growing staff and a new press incorporating the latest technology, it moved its headquarters from Kuala Lumpur to its present premises in Petaling Jaya in 1981.The Star created histor y on June 23, 1995 when it became the first Malaysian newspaper and the third in Asia to launch a World Wide Web edition. In addition to that, The Star also achieved a new milestone in its bodily history in the same year by being listed on the Main Board of the Kuala Lumpur Stock Exchange.In the year 2000, The Star relocated in stages to its very own 17 storey premises, Menara Star in Section 16, Petaling Jaya.In January 2002, The Stars new printing plant, Star Media Hub was officially opened by the Deputy Prime Minister of Malaysia, YAB Dato Seri Abdullah bin Haji Ahmad Badawi in Shah Alam, Selangor. The Star also has a new office and printing plant, Star Northern Hub in Bayan Lepas, Penang.About The Star and Sunday StarThe Star weekday paper is packaged as a 4-in-1 paper, comprising the Main Paper, StarBiz and StarTwo. The Main Paper covers the latest in regional, national and as well as international news while St arBiz offers a comprehensive coverage of local and international financial news such as market trends, financial reports and latest market updates. StarTwo features articles on lifestyle, entertainment, health, parenting, social issues and et cetera.Every Sunday, there is an additional section known as Sunday Star. For the Sunday Star, it covers current local and as well as worldwide news. Apart from that, Sunday Star also contains an educational section where careers, further education, exams tips and various comments are featured within.Board of DirectorsThe current Executive Deputy Chairman of Star Publications (Malaysia) Berhad is Dato Clement Hii Chii Kok whereas the Group Managing Director / Chief Executive Officer is Datin Linda Ngiam Pick Ngoh. There are two Executive Director in the company which is Tan Sri Datuk Seri Kamal Mohamed Hashim and Mr. Ng Beng Lye. And the Group Editorial / Education Advisor is Dato Ng Poh Tip.Groups Financial HighlightsThe revenue of the company as at 31 December 2008 is RM 831,040,000. Profit before tax is RM201, 463,000 whereas the profit after tax is RM138, 701,000 which show that the tax expense is RM 62,762,000.Political and Legal EnvironmentThere is one law in Malaysia that protects media freedom that is Article 10 of the Constitution. It also notes that there are limits to this freedom, and that these limits are, generally, defined by the Government. The constitution provides freedom for speech of the press. However, some important legal limitations exist. According to the government, it forced restrictions on the media to protect national security, public order, and friendly relations with other countries.The law that provides legislation in the interest of security or public order may restrict freedom of speech. Example, Sedition Act prohibits public comment on issues sensitive such as racial and religious matters. Government used Sedition Act, Official Secrets Act, Printing Presses and Publications Act, criminal defamation laws, and other laws to limit and threaten political speech.As for Printing Presses and Publications Act, it requires local and foreign publications to apply annually to the government for a permit. This is to make publication of wicked news a punishable offense and authorized the minister of internal security to ban or restrict publications believed to threaten public order, morality, or national security.Besides, it also prohibits court challenges to delay or revocation of publication permits. According to the government, these conditions make sure that the media did not spread twisted news and were necessary to preserve harmony and promote peaceful in a multiracial country.Criminal defamation is punishable by a maximum of two years in jail, a fine, or both. This is along with the government power over annual license renewal and other policies inhibited independent or investigative journalism and resulted in widespread self-censorship. Government had banned some foreign newspapers and magazines and, occasionally, covered up foreign magazines or newspapers.Furthermore, you could point to the guarantees under the Communications and Multimedia Act (CMA) if you want to impress the crowd which covers broadcasting and Internet. The guarantees under this act are no monopoly or oligopoly control of the airwaves and nothing in the Act is to be regarded as censorship of the Internet.No monopoly or oligopoly control of the airwaves is that no group of companies should own enough of the radio and television stations to prevent listeners and viewers from having a choice of material. So far is all good but they have not seen it put into practice as yet. As for censorship of the Internet, it is a bit more of a problem. Although there is not any censorship or control of the Internet under this Act, doesnt mean there isnt any censorship of the Internet.Internet access was widely available and internet subscriptions totalled approximately 13.5 million at the end of 2006. However, criminal offence and preventive detention laws generated some self censorship from local Internet content sources. Examples are bloggers, Internet news providers and NGO campaigners. The Malaysian Communications and Multimedia Commission (MCMC) shut down 11 Web sites for breaking rules and regulations concerning the publication of information on the Internet. Neither the MCMC nor the government released the names of the 11 Web sites.The CMA requires certain Internet and other network service providers to obtain a license. Previously, the government stated that it did not intend to enforce controls on Internet use but that it would punish the misuse of information technology. The CMA permits punishment of the owner of a Web site or blog for allowing content of a racial, religious, or political nature that a court deems offensive.Besides that, almost all the newspaper companies are under a political control. This is where the politician uses the publications to spread their news to the public. The biggest press group was Media Prima which is owned by Malaysia Resources Corporation Berhad which has close ties with the ruling United Malays National Organization (UMNO) and government. Media Prima owns the leading English-language newspaper The New Straits Times, the second biggest Malaysia-language paper Berita Harian, Malay Mail, Harian Metro and the ShinMin Daily News. In addition, Media Prima owns four terrestrial TV channels.However, the acquirement of Nanyang from MCA two years ago which is 2005 has since setup its monopoly in Chinese media. Sin Chew Media Group was being owned by the timber tycoon, Tiong Hiew King. He already corners about 90% of the Chinese language newspaper market, with his control of Sin Chew ,which publishes Sin Chew Daily and Guang Ming Daily, and Nanyang Holdings, which has Nanyang Siang Pau and China Press. As for The Star, it was owned by MCA while MIC owned Malaysia Nanban.Economic environment2009 will bound to be a very challenging year for Malaysia, although Malaysias economy is holding up pretty well this year. The first half of 2009 is expected to be a very tough period for Malaysia. The impact on Malaysia this year has somehow been cushioned but many are beginning to feel the economic downturn towards the year-end.Since the beginning of the global economic crisis, much has been said and published about its economic and financial impact, but relatively little has been said about the socio-economic impact. While it is not difficult to observe the direct and often immediate unpleasant social impact of the crisis, little is known about their indirect and long-term effect on the countrys human development and social capital potential which are increasingly acknowledged in developing economies as a critical factor for sustainable development.Economic pressures are becoming the primary forces determining the behaviour of Malaysian newspaper companies. It is increasingly clear that the responses o f some newspaper managers are affecting journalistic quality, producing practices that reduce the social value of newspaper content and that redirect the attention of newspaper workforce from journalism to activities primarily related to the business interests of the press.This situation has promoted encouraged self-interested behaviour aimed at exploiting market potential, and there is a growing conflict between the role of newspapers as servants of readers and the exploitation of readers to seek additional commercial gain. It should not be surprising that the public increasingly sees the press as just another business that is more concerned with its own economic interests than with the broader interests of those it purports to serve.This entry gives GDP growth on an annual basis adjusted for inflation and expressed as a percent. The graph above shows the overall performance of Malaysian in economy. We can see the economy started to drop from the middle for second quarter of 2008 t ill 2009.(Source CIA World Fact book, September 17, 2009)The print media is already feeling the pinch of the economic downturn. Newspaper adex has fallen for four consecutive months from October to January 2009. In January, newspaper adex declined 4% year on year to RM258.6 million while total adex for the media industry as a whole (TV, radio and print) inched up 2% year to year. This means that newspaper companies suffered a bigger blow than other media channels.As an open economy, Malaysia was badly affected by the global financial crisis and economic downturn. The major decline in exports, in turn, affected domestic demand. Thus, economic growth contracted 6.2% in the first quarter of 2009. However, the decline narrowed to 3.9% in the second quarter, assisted by speedy and effective operation of stimulus packages as well as monetary easing.Economic performance is expected to improve in the second half of the year, supported by counter-cyclical measures and reinforced by stabiliza tion in the global economic environment. As such, the economy is expected to turn around in the fourth quarter, though for the year it is estimated to contract 3%.The current environment exists as the Malaysian newspaper industry faces an uncertain future because of inactive markets, increasing competition from other media for audience attention, use by progressively smaller portions of the population and changes in advertiser media choices. It is a common view that the newspaper business is elastic because people read the papers every day, regardless of the economic climate. People want to know the latest happenings in good times and bad.It is expected to see a slowing down in adex in this year, 2009, with the absence of any major events, together with the weakening economic climate. The lower economic growth forecast has an effect on the newspaper industry including advertising. Last years growth was driven by worldly TV adex (up 20%), newspaper (8%), radio (21%) and point-of- sal e (28%).Malaysia Advertising Expenditure TrendsYear 1997 to 2008CirculationGenerally, there is a total newspaper circulation rise since 1998. The actual figure in appendix for 2008 should have rose higher though if the data from Nanyang, Malay Mail and Weekend Mail are included. Newsprint has not dead yet and will co-exist with online media. The circulation growth has been steadily all these years which contributed by the increase of the population and the knowledge of society.There are a few online news portals which without print circulation have been gaining huge popularity since last year. This creating a strong competition in online space compared to the print circulation. In English newsprint, The Star is still far ahead of everyone. As for The Sun, it considers that it offers free controlled circulation.Competition in Malay circulation is only reserved for the big three which similar to the online scenario shown in figure 2 at appendix. Harian Metro is gaining popularity in r ecent years. This had posed a challenged to Utusan Malaysias top position. Another famous trend in the Malay segment is newspaper sales on weekends are generally much higher than working days.SocietalAbout three million Malaysians visited local online news portals daily in March this year, compared with 2.5 million in the same month last year, according to comScore Media Metrix (digital marketing research company). While the figures quoted in May edition of OnMedia, OmicomMediaGroups industry newsletter, were based on average daily readership for the online news sites over the past year from March 2008 to February 2009. In total, the average daily readership for local news portals for that period was about 2.8 million.Malaysiakini led online English news sites with 91,943 average daily visitors over the past year. In second place was The Star Online with 74,417 readers a day. Malaysia-Today.net registered 12,948 readers daily, putting it in third place. The New Straits Times Online came in fourth with an average of 16,871 readers a day.However, in fifth place was theedgedaily.com, the website of The Edge Malaysia, which averaged 3,844 readers daily over the past year. However, according to Google Analytics which monitors online site traffic, since its relaunch in March this year as theedgemalaysia.com, the site has averaged around 14,000 readers daily.For the Malay-language online portals, Utusan Malaysia Online led with an average daily readership of 70,641 over the past year. It was followed by Berita Harian Online which averaged 55,764 readers a day for the past year. myMetro (the website of Harian Metro) averaged 51,767 readers daily, placing it third. ChinaPress dotCom was the most popular of the Chinese-language online news portals with an average of 29,950 readers a day. It was closely followed by nanyang.com which averaged 27,168 a day, and Sinchew-i which received an average of 23,779 readers a day.Key points that emerged from the study, if price were not a factor and if their choice was restricted to paper, online, e-paper and mobile devices. Sixty-nine percent (69%) of respondents would pick traditional newspapers as their first choice for news consumption. While, twenty-nine percent (29%) would make online sources their first choice, with the remaining twenty percent (2%) opting for e-paper or mobile devices first. The gap between traditional newspapers and online was, however, significantly smaller for younger respondents.Both consumers and advertisers have demonstrated a willingness to pay more for high value, topic-specific publications than they would for newspapers providing general news only, wrote authors Marieke van der Donk and Marcel Fenez in the reports executive summary.Financial readers were willing to buy financial online content for 97% as much as they would pay for a traditional paper. Meanwhile, sports fanatics would pay as much as 77% as they would for a traditional paper, for an online edition that focused on sports.The study showed newspapers are still the major sources of news and information for consumers, with survey respondents listing almost equally television, the Internet, and newspapers (free and paid) as their main source of news and information. Moreover, all 4,900 respondents were willing to pay for the general print news content.This is not to say that newspapers should not make the move online, said the report. Over 60% of respondents were willing to pay for general online news. Furthermore, based on the reports findings, a key future trend is the willingness of younger readers to pay for online content. According to the report, newspapers have been able to earn readers trust and loyalty, thus giving them the opportunity to both lead and follow audiences as they migrate online and into the use of portable electronic media like mobile devices.It also noted that although the rapid adoption of the Internet and mobile technology have created a market for mobile devices, espe cially for those under 35, they are low on the list of preferences for accessing information because of the difficulty of reading content on these devices.Malaysians are not giving up newspapers for the Internet. This research based on the data sourced from Nielsen Media Index from 2006 to 2008. It shows that newspaper consumption levels held steady all through 2008 despite the rise in Internet consumption.Malaysian newspaper consumption holds steady despite Internet. Its written by Emily Tan, Tuesday, 01 September 2009 at 1124.While the average time a Malaysian spends online has increased by 24% from three hours a day in 2006 to three hours and 46 minutes a day in 2008, the average time spent reading a newspaper has held steady at 49 minutes in the same time span. There is no sign that Malaysians are shifting from newspapers to the Internet, said the report published in PHDs August newsletter PHD Pioneering. PHD is a media service agency under the Omnicom Media Group.The PHD study found that Malaysians over the age of 30 spend more time reading newspapers and its about 50 minutes daily, while the teenagers and young adults read for about half an hour on average per day.A few online news portals that without print circulation have been gaining a huge popularity since last year, creating a stiff competition in online space compared to the print circulation. As for English newsprint, The Star is still well ahead of everyone, considering The Sun offers free controlled circulation.Newspaper readership in Peninsular Malaysia for the fourth quarter of last year (4Q08) grew about two percentage (2%) points to 55% from 52.9% in the same period in 2007, possibly in tandem with population growth of those aged 15 and above. Bahasa dailies seemed to have gained the most from the slight increase in newspaper readership, growing from 26.8% to 29.3% in the fourth quarter. English dailies saw marginal growth of 0.3 percentage point while Chinese and Tamil dailies saw a drop of 0.2 and 0.4 percentage point correspondingly. This is written by Aznita Ahmad Pharmy, Thursday, 05 March 2009, at 1744.TechnologyOn the other hand, the media industry is challenged by the rapidly changing environment, birth of new digital technologies and advertising money diverting to new media platforms on the internet. The local media industry has yet to capitalize on the full potential of the internet which will remain the fastest and the next powerful media platform, globally.Largely driving this change is technological development but the industry is also being affected by the impact of globalization of media ownership, the phenomenal growth of the internet, and other ambient media such as outdoor, point of sale, television, bus and taxi sites.The process of creating media strategies has become more complex and dynamic with the introduction of very highly developed software designed to optimize media selection against an unending range of criteria. There is a growing moveme nt away from the use of simple age sex demographics for most media assumptions and an increasing appreciation of the need for a more holistic understanding of current and potential customers, including characteristics such as media usage, buyer behaviour, attitudes, lifestyles and interests.According to Nielsen Media Index, while mainstream media continues to control the Malaysian media scene, the internet is fast catching up. There was a double growth in internet penetration which reaching up to two out of ten people compared to five years ago. The executive director for Nielsen Media Research Malaysia, Andrea Douglas said that internet will become a more important part of the media mix with its continuous growth in the market.She added that Malaysians are decided to go on online news for faster and constant updates. This can be seen by the 35% growth in online newspaper readership over a year, reaching one million readers. Those who only read news online exclusive online newspaper readers, it grew from 55,000 to 70,000 in 2008. The index signified a 21% increase in internet users with almost four out of ten users spending one to two hours on the internet every day. Increasing internet penetration goes hand-in-hand with increased Internet usage.However, news seekers have not abandoned the traditional medium as nine in 10 readers still obtain their news through a hard copy. Apart from more common features such as email, surfing and information gathering, the popular activities for citizen are online TV/music/games (47%), followed by message/chat/blogging (45%) and reading newspaper/magazines (35%). Within the Top 10 categories, nine categories advertised online but the spending only between less than 1% and 3% of the total budget online.Newspaper industry players have to constantly evolve themselves to stay ahead by improving technology and addressing readers preferences.The second Finance Minister, Tan Sri Nor Mohamed Yakcop urged the industry to play activel y its role by involving themselves in developing the digital medium instead of ignoring it. He said it in his keynote address at the Malaysian Newspaper Publishers Association forum.Nor Mohamed said that with the online global reach, publish news about the countrys development became faster and easier. He added that to promote Malaysia as a developing and stable nation to potential foreign investors, information reported must be accurate. This image would be able to attract more foreign investments and visitors in Malaysia.As for Group M chief executive officer, Henry Tan said that as technology drove change, consumers, media, media agencies and clients were changing as well. New generation was created by new technology while new media structure and ownership will strengthen competition. The role of media agencies has expanded to more than just planning and buying media spots. Agencies also have to recognize changes in clients and deal with each one differently.Dow Jones Asia-Pacifi c sales director, Mark Hollands said change was not uncommon in the print media which comprised it to be better and more efficient.Potential new revenue stream and the branding improvement from a strong online presence in the combination of global trend, these have seen that local traditional news organizations begin to put more resources on the online platform. Besides, they also hired people who recognize the benefits of Web 2.0 applications such as social networking site Facebook, and Twitter, the so-called SMS of the Internet.The growing popularity of online news sites where readers can read for free is one reason decision-makers at traditional news organizations find it very hard to raise cover prices for their printing product. A drop in circulation numbers directly impacts the advertising rate which a publication commands.According to the On Media newsletter, the circulation numbers from Nielsen Media Research signified online news portals have not affected print newspaper th at much though online readership has increased rapidly over the past year. At present, online news sites still do not enjoy the level of loyalty and commitment shown by readers to newsprint. Online readership tends to change based on economic, political and social events, said the newsletter. Based on Nielsen Media Research and Com Score, the newsletter concluded that readers spend less time reading online news than print.About three million Malaysians visited local online news portals daily in March this year, compared with 2.5 million in the same month last year according to ComScore Media Metrix, a digital marketing research company. The average daily readership for local news portals for that period was about 2.8 million. Malaysiankini led online English news sites average daily visitors over the past year. As for The Star Online was placing second. Utusan Malaysia Online led Malay-language online followed by Berita Harian Online. As for the Chinese-language online news portals, ChinaPress dotcom was the most popular. There are more on societal changes.Managing director of Omnicom Media Group, Andreas Vogiatzakis said that newsprint have little to fear from online news portals. He said that newspapers must learn to pull on their online portals to add value and enhance their offerings to the consumer.The industry has seen a decline in newspaper adex over the past three years, from 58% in 2006 to 54% 2008 said the Nielsen Co Malaysia executive director Andrea Douglas. She said that the reasons for these changes are difficult to said but some categories have changed their spending patterns. There has been a decline in residential ad spending due to the economic downturn and this category is almost fully print advertising. The web has introduced new advertising potential and new media that could be eroding the traditional print share.According to Nielsen Media Research, newspaper in Malaysia has a mainly younger readership, with 65 per cent below 40 and 35 per cent of its readers are above 40 years. Percentage of newspaper readership between 20-29 age is the highest while the age between 50-54 is the lowest percentage of newspaper readership.According to Nielsen Media Research, newspaper in Malaysia has a mainly younger readership, with 62 per cent below 40 and 38 per cent of its readers are above 40 years. Percentage of newspaper readership between 20-29 age is the highest while the age between 50-54 is the lowest percentage of newspaper readership.The readership of age above 55 years old in 2006 increases 3.5% compared with the readership of age 55 years old in 2005. The old generation between the age of 55 and above are still enthusiastic supporters of newspapers while the younger generation appear to be much in tune with computers and the internet. The newspapers are not only challenged by online websites but also the electronic media having regular updates in the news bulletin. Many youngsters enjoyed reading serious news on the int ernet rather than from the newspapers. Hence, newspaper publisher should focus on public from the age of 55 and above.According to a statistic from Department of Statistics, Malaysia, the population of Malaysia is increasing. The population of age 15 and below is decreasing every year. The decreasing rate of year 2002 to 2004 is 0.3% whereas the decreasing rate of year 2005 to 2008 is 0.2%. The population of age 64 and above is increasing every year by 0.1 % except for the year 2005 and 2006 which remain same at 4.3%.The same pattern of readership frequency could also be observed among the respondents with different educational backgrounds. According to The Public Awareness of Science and Technology Malaysia 2000, the frequency of newspaper readership continued to be the highest among those with tertiary education where 60.0% of them read the newspaper daily. This was followed by those with secondary education (44.1%) with the lowest frequency (28.1%) among those with primary or low er education.In terms of locality, The Public Awareness of Science and Technology Malaysia 2000 also revealed that 49.3% of the urban respondents read the newspaper daily compared to those in rural areas (39.8%). On the frequency of readership, the opposite situation could also be observed in the other categories (a few times a week, once a week, or seldom). For example, about one-third (32.1%) of the rural respondents and similarly about 34.4% of the urban respondents read newspapers only a few times a week.Identify the contender currently exists in the industry in which the company is operating.Are there many competitor or just a few competitor or no competitor?There are many competitors around Star Publication. For instance, Berita Harian, Guang Ming Daily, Sin Chew Jit Poh, The Sun Daily, Utusan Malaysia, and also New Straits Times. The largest Star Publication newspaper competitor is the New straits Times.The sell recommendation of analysts on Star Publications (M) Bhd are the countrys largest and most profitable print media group and as well as other media stocks, such as Media Chinese International Ltd and The New Straits Times Press (M) Bhd, shows the current negativity on the industrys earnings prospects in the coming quarters, if not years.The Nielsen Media Report shows that Stars gross adex dived 20.6% y-o-y in January. Citi Investment Researchs analyst Alyson Shin has noticed that the page count for classified advertisements, which make up 25% of Stars advertising revenue, has fallen 33% to 40 pages from 60 pages in better times.Alyson Shin mention that Star has raised its advertising rates by an average 4% for both classified and display advertisements for the heavier days which is Wednesday to Saturdays. However, this is unlikely to be sufficient to offset the drop in adex in FY (Financial Year) 2009. Factoring in the 4% ad rate hike, we still forecast adex to contract 12% in FY2009, Alyson Shin comments in a February research report.Over the pa st two decades, Star has grown by shooting up and bounds in terms of earnings as well as manpower, after its English daily, The Star, overtook its main rival New Straits Times. The groups fixed operating costs have blown up. Its total operating costs that inclusive of printing and the newsprint have been above RM600 million in the past three years. This ascend to RM651.2 million in FY (financial year) 2008 versus revenue of RM831 million and net profit of RM138.9 million.The high fixed cost structure is a blessing for the group when advertisers are fighting for space in the newspaper because of the profit margin is getting bigger as the advertisement relative amount rises. Star has been the case this for over the past 10 years. It is the countrys most profitable newspaper with a handsome pre-tax profit margin of 24.2%, compared with its rival NST (New Strait Times) which manages only 9.5%.NSTP lost much of its thump over the past 25 years, especially on two separate occasions. Durin g Operasi Lalang in October 1987, Star Publications (M) Bhds licence was revoked under a plan to crack down on the opposition leaders and social activists. After Star got back its licence, its readership and circulation surged. According to Nielsen Media Research, as at end-2008, NSTPs flagship newspaper New Straits Times had a readership of 308,000 while New Sunday Times readership stood at 263,000. As at end-June last year, New Straits Times circulation, according to the Audit Bureau of Circulation, stood at 136,530 while that of New Sunday Times was 156,910.These figures cannot rival that of its main competitor, Star Publications, which had a readership of more than one million for both its daily and Sunday paper. Stars circulation was over 300,000 daily.Are the products/ services offered by company very much different from its competitors in terms of price/feature/others.KUNTUMAn educational monthly in Bahasa Malaysia for children ages 6 to 12. In keeping with its Learning is Fu n motto, the Kuntum Club organises many fun activities and ho